1. When a inductive coil connected to a 200 V, 50Hz ac supply with 10A current flowing through it dissipates 1000 watts then
which of the following will have least value in ohms-
a.) Resistance
b.) Reactance
c.) Impedance
d.) None
2 Oscillator crystal are made of –
a.) Silicon
b.) Germanium
c.) Quartz
d.) None
3. For small size, high frequency coils, the most common core material is-
a. )Air
b. )Ferrite
c.) Powdered ion
d.) Steel
4. If we have a parallel plate capacitor of plate area ‘A’ and plate separatoin t and having a capacity C and a metallic
plate r of area A and of negligible thickness is introduced in the capacitor at a distance from either of the two plates as
shown in the given figure then the capacity of the capacitor will become –
a.)
b.)C
c.)2C
d.)4C
5. A superconductor is a –
a.)A material showing perfect conductivity and Meissner effect below a critical temperature
b.)A conductor having zero resistance
c.)A perfect conductor with highest di-magnetic susceptibility
d.)A perfect conductor which becomes resistance when the current density through it exceeds a critical value
6. When an inductor tunes at 200 KHz with 624 pF capacitor and at 600 KHz with 60.4 pF capacitor then the self capacitance of
the inductor would be –
a)8.05 pF
b)10.05pF
c.)16.01pF
d.)20.01pF
7. Sparking occur when a load is switched off because the circuit has high –
a.)Inductance
b.)Capacitance
c.)Resistance
d.)None
8. Sparking between contacts can be reduced by inserting a –
a.)Resistance in the line
b.)Capacitor in series with contacts
c.)Capacitor in parallel with contacts
d.)None
9. RF amplifier of an A.M. receiver is normally biased in –
a.)Class ‘A’
b.)Class ‘b’
c.)Class ‘C’
d.)None
10. The value of gate voltage for the operation of enhancement of only N channel MOSFET has to be –
a.)High positive
b.)High negative
c.)Low positive
d.)Zero
11. The input gate current of a FET is –
a.)a few microamperes
b.)negligibly small
c.)a few milliamperes
d.)a few amperes
12. In the following fig. with R = 30k, the value of current through 2 K resistor is –
a.)25 mA
b.)40 mA
c.)25/16 mA
d.)10 mA
13. A step recovery diode –
a.)has on extremely short recovery time
b.)conducts equally well in both directions
c.)is mainly used as a harmonic generator
d.)is an ideal rectifiers of high frequency signals
14. In order to get maximum undistorted output signal from CE amplifier with VCC 10V, the value of VCE (Q) should be
approximately-
a.)0.1V
b.)5V
c.)10V
d) V
15. In a FET the electrode, which corresponds to collector in bipolar transistor, is –
a.)source
b.)drain
c.)gate
d.)none
16. The device which acts like an NPN and a PNP transistor connected base to base and emitter to collector is –
a.)Triac
b.)UJT
c.)Diac
d.)SCR
17. A typical optical fibre has –
a.)High refractive index core and low refractive index cladding
b.)Low refractive index core and high refractive index cladding
c.)Both a and b
d.)None
18. In the following figure circuit diagram of an op-amp based is shown. The ratio is equal to –
a.)9
b.)11
c.)10
d.)21
19. When a loud speaker is connected across the terminals A and B of the network shown in the fig. then its impedance to
obtain maximum power dissipation in it will be –
a.)3 – j1
b.)3 + j9
c.)7.5 + j 2.5
d.)7.5 – j 2.5
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20. In the lattice network, the value of R for the maximum power transfer to the load –
a.)5
b.)6.5
c.)8
d.)9
21. For a lossy transmission line short circuited at the receiving end, the input impedance is given by (Z0 is the
characteristic impedance, Ö is the propagation constant and l is the length of the line-
a.)Z0 cot h Öl
b.)Z0 cot Öl
c.)Z0 tan h.Ö l
d.) Z0 tan Öl
22. The approximate thickness of the radome wall should be –
a.)l
b.)l/4
c.)l/2
d.)l/
23 A relatively permanent information is stored in
a. )ROM
b.)RAM
c.)PROM
d.)Volatile memory
24. The rise time of the RC network shown in the given figure is approximately equal to –
b.) RC
c.) 2RC
d.) 4RC
25. If in the network shown in the fig. initially a steady state is attained by closing the switch ’s’ and then if the switch
is opened at t = 0, then the current i(t) through the inductor will be –
a.) cos50tA
b.) 2A
c.) 2cos100tA
d.) 2sin50tA
26. When the p network of figure – I and T-network of figure – II are equivalent then the values of R1, R2 and R3 will be
respectively –
a) 9W, 6W and 6W
b.) 6W, 6W and 9W
c.) 9W, 6W and 9W
d.) 6W, 9W and 6W
27. When the impedance matrices of a two port networks are given by and , then if these two networks are connected in series
then the impedance matrix of the resulting two-port network will be –
d.) indeterminate
28. Joule/coulomb is the unit of -
a.) Electric field potential
b.) Potential
c .) Charge
d.) None of the above
29. The electric field line and equipotential lines-
a.) Are parallel to each other
b.)Are one and same
c.) Cut each other orthogonally
d.)Can be inclined to each other at any angle
30. For a lossy transmission line short circuited at the receiving end, the input impedance is given by (When Z0 is the
characteristic impendence g is the propagation constant and L is the length of the line
31. When two equal positive point charges are placed along X- axis at X1 and –X1 respectively then the electric field vector
at a point P on the positive Y-axis will be directed-
a.) In the +x direction
b.) In the –x direction
c. ) In the +y direction
d.) In the –y direction
32. The directions of and in TEM mode transmission line with respect to the direction of propagation are-
a.) Both and are transverse to the direction of propagation
b.) is and are transverse and h has a component in the direction of propagation
c.) is entirely transverse and has a component in the direction of propagation
d.) is entirely transverse and has a component in the direction of propagation
33. The lowest TM mode in a rectangular waveguide of cross –section a x b with a>b will be-
a.) TM01
b.)TE10
c.) TM112
d.)TE11
34. When a transmitter in a free space radiates a mean power of ‘p’ watts uniformly in all directions then at a distance d
sufficiently far from the source in plane the electric field E should be related to p and d as –
35. When a dipole antenna was radiating with some excitation in free space radiating a certain amount of the power v if then
this antenna is immersed in a lake where water is non-dissipative but has a dielectric constant of 81, then the radiated
power with the same excitation will be
a.) Decrease to finite non-zero value
b.)Remain the same
c. )Increase
d.)Decrease to zero
36. When a (75 – j40)W load is connected to a coaxial line of Z0 = 75 W at 6MHz then the load matching on the line can be
accomplished by connecting-
a.) A short – circuited stub at the load
b.)An inductance at the load
c. )A short circuited stub at a specific distance from the load
d.)none of the above
37. As compared to analog multimeters, digital multimeters are –
a.) less accurate
b.) more accurate
c.) equally accurate
d.) none.
38. When a signal of 10 mV at 75 MHz is to be measured then which of the following instruments can be used –
a.) VTVM
b.) Cathode ray oscilloscope
c.) Moving iron voltmeter
d.) Digital multimeter
39. Which of the following statement is true about two wattmeter method for power measurement in three phase current ?
a.) power can be measured using two wattmeter method only for star connected three phase circuits.
b.) when two meter show indentical readings, in the power factor is 0.5.
c.) when power factor is unit, one of the wattmeter reads zero
d.) when the reading of the two wattmeters are equal but of opposite sign, then the power factor is zero –
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40. When a capacitance transducer has two plates of area 5cm2 each, separated by an air gap of 2mm than the displacement
sensitivity in pf/cm due to gap change would be –
a.) 11.1
b.) 44.2
c.) 52.3
d.) 66.3
41. The Q of a radio coil –
a.) is independent of frequency
b.) increases monotonically as frequency increases
c.) decreases monotonically as frequency increases
d.) increases upto a certain frequency and then decreases beyond that frequency
42. When a generator of internal impedance and operating at 1GHz feeds a load via a coaxial line of characteristic impedance
50 ohm then the voltage wave ratio on the feed line is –
a.) 0.5
b.) 1.5
c.) 2.5
d.) 1.75
43. The coding system typically used in digital telemetry is –
a.) PPM (pulse position modulation)
b.) PAM (pulse amplitude modulation)
c.) PCM (pulse code modulation)
d.) PDM (pulse duration modulation)
44. Radiation pyrometers are used for the measurement of temperature in the range of –
a.) -2000C to 5000C
b.) 00C to 5000C
c.) 5000C to 12000C
d.) 12000C to 25000C
45. In the given figure band structure is shown. It is of –
a.) Gallium Avesenide (GaAs)
b.) Silicon (Si)
c.) Copper (Cu)
d.) Germanium (Ge)
46. When anode is positive with respect to cathode in an SCR, the numbers of blocked p-n junction is –
a.) 1
b.) 2
c.) 3
d.) 4
47. The circuit symbol for a GTO is
a. b.
c. d.
48. In the given fig. mark out the type of Cyclo converters
a.) 1 phase to 1 phase with continuous conduction
b.) 1 phase to 1 phase with discontinuous conduction
c.) step up device
d.) 3 phase to 1 phase device
49. In the given fig. A-1, C=5, m H and C=20 m F, C is initially charged to 200 V. After the switch.
S is closed at t = 0 the
maximum value of current and the
time at which it reaches this value are respectively.
a.) 400 A, 15.707 mS
b.) 50 A, 30 mS
c.) 100 A, 62.828 mS
d.) 400 A, 31.414 mS
50. In the given circuit the maximum current in the main SCR M can be-
a.) 200 A
b.) 170.7 A
c.) 141.4 A
d.) 70.7 A
51. The transfer function of an amplifier is given by
The high 3-db frequency of the amplifier will approximately
a.) 5850 KHZ
b.)585 KHZ
c.) 5850 HZ
d.)585HZ
52. In comparison to full wave rectifier with two diodes the four divide bridge rectifier has the dominant advantage of -
a). Higher current carrying
b.)Lower ripple factor
c.) Higher efficiency
d.)Lower peak increase voltage require
53. Power output increase in a class-c amplifier-
a.) If the conduction angle decrease
b).If the conduction angle increase
c.) Are not governed by the conduction angle
d.)None of the above
54. A transistor with hie = 1.5 k and hfe = 75 is used in an emitter follower circuit where R1 and R2 are used for normal
biasing . Approximate value of it’s current amplification is-
a.)75
b.)76
c.)75/76
d.)-75
55. Amplifier of class B has high theoretical efficiency of 78.5 percent because-
a.) It is biased almost to saturation
b.)Its quiescent current is low
c.)It’s output is an exact replica of it’s input
d.)It is biased well below cut off
56. The coupling that produces minimum interference with frequency response is-
a.) Direct coupling
b.)Impedance coupling
c.) R C coupling
d.)Transformer coupling
57. In the circuit shown in the given figure Rf provides
a.) Current series feedback
b.)Current shunt feedback
c.) Voltage series feedback
d.)Voltage shunt feedback
58. Mark the correct relation for the junction transistor
59. Data in the serial form can be converted into parallel form by using –
a.) PISO shift register
b.) SOIP shift register
c.) SIPO shift register
d.) POIS shift register
60. PROMs are used to store-
a.) bulk information
b.) information to be accessed rarely
c.) sequence information
d.) relatively permanent information
61. The horizontal axis in a 3 bit unipolar D/A converter represents-
a.) Output bit combination
b.) analog output voltage
c.) input bit combination
d.) none of the above
62. ‘Not allowed’ condition in NAND gate SR flip flop is –
a.) s = 0, R = 0
b.) s = 1, R = 1
c.) s = 0, R = 1
d.) s = 1, R = 0
63. Name the fastest logic family-
a) TTL
b. RTL
c.) DCTL
d.) ECL
64. Equation corresponding to De Morgan’s theorem in Boolean Algebra is –
a.) (A+B) (A+B) = AA + AB + BA + BB
c.) A + AB = A
d.) None of the above
65. In the given fig find radix of the system –
a.) 2b.) 4
c.) 6
d.) 8
66. Modems are used for data transmission telephone lines to –
a.) increase the transmission capacity
b) improve noice performance
c.) incorporate error control coding
d.) eliminate dc component in the transmitted signal
67. The figure of a control system is shown. The maximum value of gain K for which the system is stable is-
a.)
b.) 3
c.) 4
d.) 5
68. Identify the example of open-loop system-
a.) A windscreen wiper
b.) Aqualung
c.) Respiratory system of an animal
d.) A system for controlling Anti-rocket missiles.
69. Consider the following expressions indicating the step or impulse response of an initially relaxed control system-
1. (5 – 4e-2+) u(t)
2. (e-2t +5) (u(t))
3 .V(t) + 8e-2t u(t)
4 . V(t) + 4e-2t 4(t)
Those which correspond to the step and impulse response of the same system include-
a.) 1&3
b.) 1&4
c.) 2&4
d.) 1&4
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70. A system is described by
To test its stability by Lyapunov’s method the following V functions are considered.
Mark the most suitable V-function in this case-
a.) Only V1
b.)Only V2
c.) Both V1 and V2
d.) Neither V1 nor v2
71. Identity the polar plot of a typical type zero system with open loop transfer function
72. The scattering matrix of a magic –tee shown in the given figure is-
73. Which is the following relate to rational transfer function of a system-
1. Ratio of Fourier transform of output to input with zero initial conditions.
2. Ratio of Laplace transform of output to input with zero initial conditions.
3. Laplace transform of system impulse response.
4. Laplace transform of system unit step response select the correct answer using the codes given below.
Codes
a.) 1 and 4
b.) 2 and 3
c.) 1 and 3
d.) 2 and 4
74. For the signal g (t) – 10 cos (50 pt) cos2 (150at)
The Nyquist sampling state in t seconds is
a.) 150 samples per second
b.) 200 samples per second
c.) 300 samples per second
d.) 350 samples per second
75. In the case of a 70 MHz 1F carries for a transponder band width of 36 MHz; energy must lie between – MHz.
a.) 34 and 106
b.) 52. And 88
c.) 106 and 142
d.) 34 and 142
76. Radar used to eliminate clutter in navigational application is –
a.) Pulse radar
b.) Tracking radar
c.) MTI radar
d.) Mono pulse radar
77. The 1.55 mm windows is not yet in use with fiber optic systems because –
a.)The attenuation is higher than at 0.85 mm
b) The attenuation is higher than at 1.3mm
c.) Suitable laser devices have not yet been developed
d.) It does not lend itself to wavelength multiplexing
78. Pre-emphasis in FM systems involves-
a.) Compression of the modulating signal
b.) Expansion of the modulating signal
c.) Amplification of lower frequency components of the modulating signal.
d.) Amplification of higher frequency components of the modulating signal.
79. In a terrestrial microwave system transmission of signals is achieved through-
a.) reflection from the ionosphere
b.) line of sight mode
c) reflection from the ground
d.) diffraction from the stratosphere.
80. Casse grain feed is used with a parabolic reflector to
a.) increase the gain of the system
b). increase the bandwidth of the system
c.) reduce the size of the main reflector
d.) allow the feed to be placed at a convenient point.
81. In most microwave communication link rain drop attenuation is caused due to-
a.) scattering of microwaves by water drops of specific size.
b) scattering of microwaves by a collection of droplets acing as a single body.
c.) absorption of microwaves by water and consequent heating of the liquid
d.) absorption of the microwaves by water vapor in the atmosphere.
82. Circuit in the given figure represents. –
a.) an astable multivibrator
b.) A monostable multivibrator
c.) Voltage controlled oscillator
d.) Ramp generator
83. . D = r is-
a.) Maxwell’s 1st equation
b.) Maxwell’s II equation
c.) Maxwell’s III equation
d.) Maxwell’s IV equation
84. In a rectangular wave-guide which TM mode exists-
a.) TM00
b.) TM01
c.) Tm10
d.) TM11
85. In directional coupler a portion of power two velliry fram port 1) to port 2) is coupled to.
a). port 4
b). port 3
c. port 2.
d.) port 3 & 4.
86. For high power i.e. 10 w to 50 kw measurement –
a.) Barometer are used
b.) Thermisters are used
c.) Calorimetric technique
d.) Calorimetric watt meter technique used
87. The difference between TWT & klystron is –
a.) In TWT electrons are in contact with RF field for long time & in klystron for short time
b.) In klystron electrons are in contact with RF field for long time & in TWT for short time
c.) In klystron there is no contact in RF field & electrons while in TWT there is contact
d.) In TWT phase is no contact is RF field & electrons while in klystron there is contact
88. Which one is most suitable for transmission through wave guide-
a.) Hown antennas
b.) Bioconical antennas
c.) helical antenna
d. Discone
89. The skip distance of microwave is given by –
a.)
b.)
c.)
d.)
90. How many general purpose registers 8085mp-
a.) 4
b.) 6
c.) 8
c.) 10
91. 8085 mP has no. of addressing modes-
a.) 2
b.) 3
c.) 4
d.) 5
92. What will be status of z and c y flag after execution of SUB A instruction
a.) z = 0, cy = 0
b.) z = 0, cy = 1
c.) z = 1, cy = 0
d.) z = 1, cy = 1
93. Microprocessor accept interrupt only if.
a.) interrupt flip flop disabled.
b.) when INTA signal is low.
c. interrupt flip flop enabled.
d.) none of above.
94. Microprogramming is a technique
a.) for programming the microprocessor
b.) for writing small programs efficiently
c.) for programming the control steps of computer
d.) for programming o/p / i/p
95. High level programs like C are converted into machine language with the help of
a.) interpreter
b.) compiler
c.) operating
d.) system
96. (10110011)2 = (?)8
a.) 253
b.) 263
c.) 273
d.) 283
97. A Not gate at the output of AND gate converts AND gate into-
a.) NAND
b.) NOR
c.) AND
d.) NOPE.
98. The O/P of a logic gate is the gate must be-
a.) AND
b.) OR
c.) NAND
d.) X-OR
99. 38. A symbol of JK flip flop is-
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100. A demultiplener-
a.) has multiple i/p and single o/p
b.) has multiple i/p and multiple o/p
c.) has multiple i/p and multiple o/p
d.) has single i/p and single o/p
101. Which of the following best describes the authour`s attitude toward fairy tales ?
a.) fascination
b.) open approval.
c.) Indulgent tolerance.
d.) Scornful.
102. What type of sentence is this ?
Hurray! We won the match
a.) Exclamatory
b.) assertive
c.) Negative
d.) Affirmative
103. Before which of the following word will you put ‘a’
a.) hour
b.) M. A.
c.) Umbrella
d.) Man
104. The noun form of ‘fresh’ is –
a.) freshly
b.) freshen
c.) fresheners
d.) fresh itself
105. The word ‘clang’ is an example of –
a.) Simile
b.) inversion
c.) onomatopoeia
d.) irony
106. The Forbes magazine acclaimed Azim Premji as richest India’s is the chairman of-
a.) Pentafour software
b) Infosys
c.) IBM
d.) Wipro
107. Bharat Ratna award for the year 2001 goes to-
a.) Lata Mangeshkar and Zakeer Hussain
b.) Zakeer Hussain and Bismillah Khan
c.) Bismillah Khan and Lata Mangeshkar
d.) Lata Mangeshkar and Ustad Amzad Ali Khan
108. Mr. George W-Bush takes over as —— President of the united states of America succeeding Mr. Bill Clinton-
a.) 42nd
b.) 43rd
c.) 40th
d.) 45th
109. New Chief Minister of Pondicherry is-
a.) T. Venkat Naidu
b.) K. Hari Harh
c.) N. Rengaswany
d.) M. Mudliar
110. No court has the jurisdiction to interfere with the election process once set in motion by the Election commission. This
is enshrined in Article-
a.) 311
b.) 329
c.) 356
d.) 365
111. Ostrich is a-
a.) Running bird
b.) Flying bird
c) Swimming bird
d.) Migratory bird
112. The main atmospheric gas responsible for green house is-
a.) Oxygen
b.) Nitrogen
c.) Ozone
d.) Carbon-dioxide
113. Which of the following is not a Kharif Crop-
a.) Rice
b.) groundnut
c.) Sugarcane
d.) gram
114. The function of World Bank is to-
a.) Help in reconstruction and development of world economy
b.) Facilitate poor countries to trade on concessional rates
c.) Promote growth of international trade and equilibrium in balance of payments
d.) Ease trade barriers and establish rule of fair trade
115. Speed of sound is maximum in-
a. )Water
b.) Air
c.) Steel
d.) Vacuum
116. “Long years ago we made a trust with destiny.” Whose words are these-
a.) Subhash Chandra Bose
b.) Jawaharlal Nehru
c.) Lajpat Rai
d.) Bhagat Singh
117. Durand cup is associated with-
a.) Hockey
b.) Tennis
c.) Football
d.) Badminton
118. Rabindranath Tagore was awarded the Nobel Prize in literature in the year.
a.) 1908
b.) 1910
c.) 1913
d.) 1914
119. India successfully conducted its first underground nuclear experiment at Pokhran in Rajas than on-
a.) May 18, 1975
b.) May 20, 1974
c) May 17, 1974
d.) May 17, 1974
120. An emergency loan of $ 500 million to help reconstruct infrastructure in earth quake devastated Gujarat approved by-
a.) Asian development Bank
b.) World Bank
c.) Swiss Bank
d.) Reserve Bank of India
Wednesday, December 9, 2009
Monday, December 7, 2009
Power Sector Links
Power Sector Links
MoP - Ministry of Power
BBMB - Bhakra Beas Management Board
CEA - Central Electricity Authority
BEE - Bureau of Energy Efficiency
DVC - Damodar Valley Corporation
SJVN - Satluj Jal Vidyut Nigam Limited
NPTI - National Power Training Institute
NTPC - National Thermal Power Corporation
PGCIL - Power Grid Corporation of India Limited
CERC - Central Electricity Regulatory Commission
NEEPCO - North Eastern Electric Power Corporation Limited
NHPC - National Hydroelectric Power Corporation Limited
MoP - Ministry of Power
BBMB - Bhakra Beas Management Board
CEA - Central Electricity Authority
BEE - Bureau of Energy Efficiency
DVC - Damodar Valley Corporation
SJVN - Satluj Jal Vidyut Nigam Limited
NPTI - National Power Training Institute
NTPC - National Thermal Power Corporation
PGCIL - Power Grid Corporation of India Limited
CERC - Central Electricity Regulatory Commission
NEEPCO - North Eastern Electric Power Corporation Limited
NHPC - National Hydroelectric Power Corporation Limited
Rail way websites
Official Websites of Ministry of Indian Railway
Right to Information Act, 2005
Guidelines on Foreign Travel on official duty/training
Engineering Services Examination 2004
Engineering Services Examination 2004
Periodical Earnings and Freight Loading of Indian Railways
Classified List of Gazetted Establishment of Indian Railways
Railways Establishment Codes, Manuals and Circulars
Zonal Railways
South East Central Railway
Central Railway
East Central Railway
East Coast Railway
Eastern Railway
North Central Railway
North Eastern Railway
North Western Railway
North East Frontier Railway
Northern Railway
South Central Railway
South Eastern Railway
South Western Railway
Southern Railway
West Central
Western Railway
Production Units
Chittaranjan Loco Works
Deisel-Loco Modernisation Works
Diesel Locomotive Works
Integral Coach Factory
Rail Coach Factory
Rail Wheel Factory
Corporation sites
Central Organisation For Modernisation of Workshops
Centre for Railway Information System
Container Corporation of India Ltd.
Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation Ltd.
Indian Railway Finance Corporation
IRCON International Ltd.
Konkan Railway Corporation's
Mumbai Railway Vikas Corporation
RAILTEL Corporation of India Ltd.
RITES Ltd.
Pipavav Railway Corporation Limited
Others
Rail Vikas Nigam Ltd.
Central Organisation for Railway Electrification
Delhi Metro Rail Corporation
Federation of Railway Officers Associations
Indian Railway Accounts Service Association
Indian Railway Accounting Reforms
Indian Railway Central Organisation for Telecom
Indian Railway Stores Services
Indian Railway Welfare Organisation
Indian Railways Institute of Electrical Engineering
Indian Railways Institute of Signal Engineering and Telecommunications
Institute of Rail transport
National Rail Museum sites
Palace on Wheels
Railway Board
Railway Recruitment Boards
Railway Staff College, Baroda
Research Design and Standards Organisation
Indian Railways Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering
Darjeeling Himalayan Railways
Right to Information Act, 2005
Guidelines on Foreign Travel on official duty/training
Engineering Services Examination 2004
Engineering Services Examination 2004
Periodical Earnings and Freight Loading of Indian Railways
Classified List of Gazetted Establishment of Indian Railways
Railways Establishment Codes, Manuals and Circulars
Zonal Railways
South East Central Railway
Central Railway
East Central Railway
East Coast Railway
Eastern Railway
North Central Railway
North Eastern Railway
North Western Railway
North East Frontier Railway
Northern Railway
South Central Railway
South Eastern Railway
South Western Railway
Southern Railway
West Central
Western Railway
Production Units
Chittaranjan Loco Works
Deisel-Loco Modernisation Works
Diesel Locomotive Works
Integral Coach Factory
Rail Coach Factory
Rail Wheel Factory
Corporation sites
Central Organisation For Modernisation of Workshops
Centre for Railway Information System
Container Corporation of India Ltd.
Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation Ltd.
Indian Railway Finance Corporation
IRCON International Ltd.
Konkan Railway Corporation's
Mumbai Railway Vikas Corporation
RAILTEL Corporation of India Ltd.
RITES Ltd.
Pipavav Railway Corporation Limited
Others
Rail Vikas Nigam Ltd.
Central Organisation for Railway Electrification
Delhi Metro Rail Corporation
Federation of Railway Officers Associations
Indian Railway Accounts Service Association
Indian Railway Accounting Reforms
Indian Railway Central Organisation for Telecom
Indian Railway Stores Services
Indian Railway Welfare Organisation
Indian Railways Institute of Electrical Engineering
Indian Railways Institute of Signal Engineering and Telecommunications
Institute of Rail transport
National Rail Museum sites
Palace on Wheels
Railway Board
Railway Recruitment Boards
Railway Staff College, Baroda
Research Design and Standards Organisation
Indian Railways Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering
Darjeeling Himalayan Railways
Saturday, December 5, 2009
Test paper
Q1 Which of the following has high electrical resistivity
(a) Copper (b) Gold (c) Carbon (d) Silver
Q2 The resistance of 200 m. long circular copper wire is 21Ω.If its thickness is 0.44mm,What is the resistivity(ohm-m) of the copper is
(a) 1.597*10-8 (b) 2.507*10-8 (c) 5.597*10-6 (d) None of these
Q3 Metals have temperature coefficient of resistance
(a) Positive (b) negative (c) May be positive or Negative (d) None of these
Q4 The resistance of two wire is 25Ω when connected in series and 6Ω when connected in parallel.The resistance of each wire is
(a) 12 &13Ω (b) 15&10Ω (c) 20& 5 Ω (d) 24&1Ω
Q5 A current of 3A flows through 10Ω resistor. The energy dissipated in 5sec.is
(a) 450J (b) 150J (c) 250J (d) None of these
Q6 Ideal current source has its internal resistance equal to
(a)1Ω. (b)2Ω. (c) 0Ω (d) InfiniteΩ
Q7 If resistance of all three branches of star connected load is 1Ω each, then the resistance of each branch of equivalent delta load would be
(a) 3Ω (b) 9Ω (c) 0.3Ω (d) 1/3Ω
Q8 A p.d. of 300V is maintained across the terminals of the capacitor. The electric field strength(kV/m) between the plate gap of (0.3mm) is
(a) 1000 (b) 2000 (c) 3000 (d) 4000
Q9 An 8micro-farad capacitor is connected in series with 0.5MΩ resistor. The time constant of the RC circuit is
(a) 16sec. (b) 6sec (c) 5sec (d) 4sec
Q10 An 8micro-farad capacitor is charged from a 100V supply. The energy stored in the capacitor is
(a) 0.004J (b) 0.0016J (c) 0.008 J (d) None of these
Q11 A conductor carries a current of 100A at right angle to a magnetic field having density of 0.5 T. The force on per unit lengh of the conductor is
(a) 50N (b) 500N (c) 150N (d) 5.0N
Q12 A magnetic flux of 200μwb passing through a coil of 1200 turns is reversed in 0.2sec.The induced emf in the coil is
(a) 12V (b) 2.4V (c) 2.2V (d) 1.2V
Q13 The value of 1/√(μ0 ε0) is equal to
(a) Speed of light (b) 1/ Speed of light (c) (Speed of light )2 (d) None of these
Q14 A inductance (L) of coil is given by
(a) NΦ/I (b) NI/Φ (c) I /ΦN (d) None of these
Q15 A coil of 200 turns is wound on a non-magnetic circular core of area 500mm2& the mean circumference of 400mm.The inductance of coil is
(a) 628H (b) 6.28μH (c ) 62.8μH (d) None of these
Q16 An alternating voltage is given by the equation v = 200Sin 314t the rms value of the voltage is
(a) 141.42V (b) 282.82V (c) 14.142V (d) None of these
Q17 In a transformer the induced emf in the winding is given by (notation used have their usual meaning)
(a) E = 1.11 N f Φm (b) E = 2.22 N f Φm (c) E = 4.44 N f Φm (d) None of these
Q18 A dc motor takes an armature current of 10A at 220V.The armature resistance of the machine is 0.2Ω, flux per pole is .01wb, the no of poles are 6,and the armature has wave wound 480 conductors. The torque developed in armature is
(a) 100Nm (b) 25Nm (c) 44Nm (d) 22.91Nm
Q19 A,3-phase, synchronous generator has 4 pairs of pole is running with the speed of 900 rpm.The frequency of the supply would be
(a) 50Hz (b) 60Hz (c) 25Hz (d) 150Hz
Q20 The advantage of permanent magnet moving coil(PMMC) instrument is
(a)Low power consumption (b) No hysteresis loss
(c) Efficient eddy current damping (d) All of the above
Q21 The majority charge carrier in p-type semiconductor are
(a) Electrons (b) Holes (c) Both Electrons and Holes (d) None of these
Q22 An n-type semiconductor as a whole is
(a) Electrically +ve (b) Electrically –ve (c) Electrically neutral (d) None of these
Q23 The out put of the logic gate is one, only when all the inputs are one. Then logic gate is
(a) AND (b) OR (c) NAND (d) NOR
Q24 In a transistor which of the following region is very lightly doped
(a) Emitter (b) Collector (c) Base (d) None of these
Answers
1 c
2
3 a
4 b
5 a
6 d
7 a
8
9 d
10 d
11 a
12 d
13 a
14 a
15
16 a
17 c
18 d
19 b
20
21 b
22 c
23 a
24 c
(a) Copper (b) Gold (c) Carbon (d) Silver
Q2 The resistance of 200 m. long circular copper wire is 21Ω.If its thickness is 0.44mm,What is the resistivity(ohm-m) of the copper is
(a) 1.597*10-8 (b) 2.507*10-8 (c) 5.597*10-6 (d) None of these
Q3 Metals have temperature coefficient of resistance
(a) Positive (b) negative (c) May be positive or Negative (d) None of these
Q4 The resistance of two wire is 25Ω when connected in series and 6Ω when connected in parallel.The resistance of each wire is
(a) 12 &13Ω (b) 15&10Ω (c) 20& 5 Ω (d) 24&1Ω
Q5 A current of 3A flows through 10Ω resistor. The energy dissipated in 5sec.is
(a) 450J (b) 150J (c) 250J (d) None of these
Q6 Ideal current source has its internal resistance equal to
(a)1Ω. (b)2Ω. (c) 0Ω (d) InfiniteΩ
Q7 If resistance of all three branches of star connected load is 1Ω each, then the resistance of each branch of equivalent delta load would be
(a) 3Ω (b) 9Ω (c) 0.3Ω (d) 1/3Ω
Q8 A p.d. of 300V is maintained across the terminals of the capacitor. The electric field strength(kV/m) between the plate gap of (0.3mm) is
(a) 1000 (b) 2000 (c) 3000 (d) 4000
Q9 An 8micro-farad capacitor is connected in series with 0.5MΩ resistor. The time constant of the RC circuit is
(a) 16sec. (b) 6sec (c) 5sec (d) 4sec
Q10 An 8micro-farad capacitor is charged from a 100V supply. The energy stored in the capacitor is
(a) 0.004J (b) 0.0016J (c) 0.008 J (d) None of these
Q11 A conductor carries a current of 100A at right angle to a magnetic field having density of 0.5 T. The force on per unit lengh of the conductor is
(a) 50N (b) 500N (c) 150N (d) 5.0N
Q12 A magnetic flux of 200μwb passing through a coil of 1200 turns is reversed in 0.2sec.The induced emf in the coil is
(a) 12V (b) 2.4V (c) 2.2V (d) 1.2V
Q13 The value of 1/√(μ0 ε0) is equal to
(a) Speed of light (b) 1/ Speed of light (c) (Speed of light )2 (d) None of these
Q14 A inductance (L) of coil is given by
(a) NΦ/I (b) NI/Φ (c) I /ΦN (d) None of these
Q15 A coil of 200 turns is wound on a non-magnetic circular core of area 500mm2& the mean circumference of 400mm.The inductance of coil is
(a) 628H (b) 6.28μH (c ) 62.8μH (d) None of these
Q16 An alternating voltage is given by the equation v = 200Sin 314t the rms value of the voltage is
(a) 141.42V (b) 282.82V (c) 14.142V (d) None of these
Q17 In a transformer the induced emf in the winding is given by (notation used have their usual meaning)
(a) E = 1.11 N f Φm (b) E = 2.22 N f Φm (c) E = 4.44 N f Φm (d) None of these
Q18 A dc motor takes an armature current of 10A at 220V.The armature resistance of the machine is 0.2Ω, flux per pole is .01wb, the no of poles are 6,and the armature has wave wound 480 conductors. The torque developed in armature is
(a) 100Nm (b) 25Nm (c) 44Nm (d) 22.91Nm
Q19 A,3-phase, synchronous generator has 4 pairs of pole is running with the speed of 900 rpm.The frequency of the supply would be
(a) 50Hz (b) 60Hz (c) 25Hz (d) 150Hz
Q20 The advantage of permanent magnet moving coil(PMMC) instrument is
(a)Low power consumption (b) No hysteresis loss
(c) Efficient eddy current damping (d) All of the above
Q21 The majority charge carrier in p-type semiconductor are
(a) Electrons (b) Holes (c) Both Electrons and Holes (d) None of these
Q22 An n-type semiconductor as a whole is
(a) Electrically +ve (b) Electrically –ve (c) Electrically neutral (d) None of these
Q23 The out put of the logic gate is one, only when all the inputs are one. Then logic gate is
(a) AND (b) OR (c) NAND (d) NOR
Q24 In a transistor which of the following region is very lightly doped
(a) Emitter (b) Collector (c) Base (d) None of these
Answers
1 c
2
3 a
4 b
5 a
6 d
7 a
8
9 d
10 d
11 a
12 d
13 a
14 a
15
16 a
17 c
18 d
19 b
20
21 b
22 c
23 a
24 c
Wednesday, December 2, 2009
Tuesday, December 1, 2009
APGENCO SUB ENGINEER,S ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
1. ELEMENTS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING :
a. Comprehend basic principles of electricity.
b. Know the magnetic effects of electric current.
c. Understand electromagnetic induction.
d. Understand electric charge and electrostatic field.
2. ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS:
a. Understand Kirchoff`s laws and star delta Transformations and Network Theorems.
b. Comprehend the relationship between quantities connected with alternating current.
c. Comprehend the single phase A.C. Circuits.
d. Poly Phase Circuits.
3. D.C. MACHINES:
a. Fundamentals of D.C. Generators.
b. Armature Reaction and Characteristics of D.C. Generator.
c. Fundamentals of D.C. Motors.
d. Speed Control and Starters for D.C. Motors.
e. Characteristics and Testing of D.C. Motors.
4. ELECTRICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENTS & BATTERIES:
a. Know the classification of different measuring instruments.
b. Understand the construction and working of different electrical measuring instruments.
c. Understand the method of measurement of resistance.
d. Transducers and Sensors
e. Understand Batteries
5. A.C MACHINES:
a. Understand the working of Single Phase Transformers.
b. To understand Three Phase Transformers.
c. Know the classification, construction, working and testing of alternators.
d. Comprehend the procedure for voltage control and synchronization.
e. Comprehend the working of synchronous motors.
f. Comprehend the working of three phase induction motor.
g. Comprehend the working of single Phase induction motor.
h. Comprehend the working of single Phase commutator motor.
6. POWER SYSTEMS:
a. Understand the various sources of Power Generation.
b. Understand working of Thermal Power Station.
c. Understand Hydroelectric Power Station.
d. Understand the working of Nuclear & Gas Power Stations.
e. Comprehend combined operation and economics of power stations.
f. Comprehend the need for transmission and choice of supply system.
g. Line structure for transmission and distribution.
h. Underground Cables.
i. Understand different types of switchgear, fuses and reactors and their working
j. Protective relays.
k. Protection of alternators, transformer and transmission line.
l. Lighting arrestors and neutral grounding.
7. ELECTRONICS:
a. Passive Components (Resistors, Capacitors and Inductors).
b. Know the semi-conductor Devices.
c. Understand the working principle of Power supply circuits.
d. Understand the performance of Special Devices.
e. Understand the principle of Working of Amplifiers.
f. Understand the Principle of Working of Small Signal Amplifiers.
g. Understand the principle of working of Amplifiers.
h. Understand the Principle of Oscillators.
i. Appreciate the need for Modulation and Demodulation.
j. Electronic instruments and Industrial Applications.
k. Know the Basics of ICs.
l Know the basics of digital electronics.
m. Understand the working of combination logic circuits.
n. Understand the working of sequential logic circuits
o. Understand working of registers and memories.
8. ELECTRICAL UTILIZATION AND TRACTION:
a. Understand the principles of lighting.
b. Understand Principle of electric heating, welding and its industrial application.
c. Electric traction systems.
9. GENERAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING:
a. I.C. Engines – Boilers – Turbines.
b. Understand the working of the centrifugal pumps.
10.INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY.
a. Understand the features of MS-word
b. Understand working with MS-Excel
c. Understand MS-Power point
d. Understand working with MS-Access.
11. INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP:
a. Understand the principles of management as applied to industry.
b. Know the organization structure of an industry and the behavior of an individual in an organization.
c. Understand the different aspect of production management.
d. Understands the role of material management industries.
e. Understand marketing, sales and feasibility study.
f. Comprehend the provisions of industrial legislation in India and safety procedures.
g. Understand ISO 9000 and TQM
h. Understand the role of entrepreneur in economic development and in improving the quality of life.
Thursday, November 19, 2009
Sunday, November 15, 2009
HAL 12 November 2008
Question
Answer
Question………………………
In phase controlled rectifiers PF
V(rms)/Vs
An SCR has half cycle surge current rating of 3000A for 50Hz. One cycle surge current will be?
I2t=I2subT
I=Isub*√(T/t)
t=total time period
T=half time period
A step-up chopper is feed from a 220v dc source to deliver a load voltage of 66o v.If the non conducting time is 100micro-sec then required pulse width will be.
Vin/(1-D)=Vout
220/(1-D)=660
D=2/3
Toff=Ton(1-D)
Ton=300 Micro sec
Good transformer oil contains how much amount of water in ppm?
8PPM
Lightning over voltage create how much volt?
Lightning over voltage depends upon the magnitude of lightning (KV)
K/s(s+1)(s+5) then find out the value of K so that system become stable
S3+6S2+5S+k----CE
Apply routh hurwitz criteria
S3 1 5
S2 6 K
S1 (30-k)/6
S0 K
(30-k)/6>0
30-K>0
k<30
If a square waveform is given to the supply side of a 2wdg transformer its
o/p waveform will be
Triangular Wave
SC test done on transformer
To find Out the Copper losses And Series Parameters
If a transformer is operating in .8 PF lag & at efficiency of .9
if now P is .8 lead the efficiency will become
0.9 Only Because Efficiency curve is Single valued cure
Dielectric strength of air is?
30 kv/cm peak or 21.1 kv/cm rms
The voltage of a generator and an infinite bus are given
0.92, 10 deg & 1.0, 0 deg respectively the generator acts as a
Synchronous generator
A wave will not experience any reflection when impedance of line is equal to
Surge impedance
400 ohms for over head lines
40 to 50 ohms for cables
Power transmitted is related to system voltage as
P=EV/Xs Sinδ
Surge wave is attended by
Resistor
In galvanometer damping is provided by
Mechanical and electromagnetic
Megger is used for
Measurement of Very high resistance like insulation resistance of the cable etc
Its working principle is based on moving coil
AC is applied against a moving coil meter it will read
Zero if frequency is high
Oscillate around zero if frequency is low
Rectifier type instrument measures what value
RMS
Advantage of electrostatic instrument is
More accurate
Loading effect is low
Fast response etc.
Creeping occurs because
Over compensation due to frictional forces
Over voltage across pressure coil
Why 2 holes are drilled oppositely in disc of energy meter
To eliminate the creeping
Energy meter is_____ type equipment
Integrating / recording
Inductance is measured by which bridge
Maxwell’s, Anderson, Hay’s, Owen’s bridge
Which type of motor is used in refrigerator?
Capacitor Start and run Single phase induction motor
Corona’s advantage
To increases the virtual diameter of conductor
To protect the conductor from Switching over voltages
Reflection coefficient of current in open ended line is
-1
Reflection coefficient of voltage in open ended line is
1
Reflection coefficient of current in short circuit line is
1
Reflection coefficient of voltage in short circuit line is
-1
Calculation of making current when MVA & KV was given.
Making current=2.5*breaking current
Breaking current=MVA/KV
he o/p voltage e1 & e2 of 2 full-bridge inverters added using o/p transformer. In order to eliminate 5th harmonic from o/p voltage, the phase angle between e1&e2 will be-
36◦
A single phase fully controlled line commutated ac-dc converter operates as an inverter when-
α > 90◦
Why rotor of SCIM is skewed?
To eliminate the slot harmonics in the rotor
Magnetostriction is occurs in
AC circuits’ only
Interlopes are connected for?
To eliminate the Armature reaction
Identify type by pu value Xd”=0.3, Xd’=0.3, X0=0.6?
Transmission line
What to do for converting sine wave to triangular wave?
Integrating
Wave shape of armature mmf?
Triangular wave
Emf in a conductor is directly proportional to?
E α ΦZNP
What’s the order of Jacobin matrix for 20 no. of bus bar?
=2n-2
N=no of buses
=38
How many watt meters required to measure 3phase 4 wire system?
3
Answer
Question………………………
In phase controlled rectifiers PF
V(rms)/Vs
An SCR has half cycle surge current rating of 3000A for 50Hz. One cycle surge current will be?
I2t=I2subT
I=Isub*√(T/t)
t=total time period
T=half time period
A step-up chopper is feed from a 220v dc source to deliver a load voltage of 66o v.If the non conducting time is 100micro-sec then required pulse width will be.
Vin/(1-D)=Vout
220/(1-D)=660
D=2/3
Toff=Ton(1-D)
Ton=300 Micro sec
Good transformer oil contains how much amount of water in ppm?
8PPM
Lightning over voltage create how much volt?
Lightning over voltage depends upon the magnitude of lightning (KV)
K/s(s+1)(s+5) then find out the value of K so that system become stable
S3+6S2+5S+k----CE
Apply routh hurwitz criteria
S3 1 5
S2 6 K
S1 (30-k)/6
S0 K
(30-k)/6>0
30-K>0
k<30
If a square waveform is given to the supply side of a 2wdg transformer its
o/p waveform will be
Triangular Wave
SC test done on transformer
To find Out the Copper losses And Series Parameters
If a transformer is operating in .8 PF lag & at efficiency of .9
if now P is .8 lead the efficiency will become
0.9 Only Because Efficiency curve is Single valued cure
Dielectric strength of air is?
30 kv/cm peak or 21.1 kv/cm rms
The voltage of a generator and an infinite bus are given
0.92, 10 deg & 1.0, 0 deg respectively the generator acts as a
Synchronous generator
A wave will not experience any reflection when impedance of line is equal to
Surge impedance
400 ohms for over head lines
40 to 50 ohms for cables
Power transmitted is related to system voltage as
P=EV/Xs Sinδ
Surge wave is attended by
Resistor
In galvanometer damping is provided by
Mechanical and electromagnetic
Megger is used for
Measurement of Very high resistance like insulation resistance of the cable etc
Its working principle is based on moving coil
AC is applied against a moving coil meter it will read
Zero if frequency is high
Oscillate around zero if frequency is low
Rectifier type instrument measures what value
RMS
Advantage of electrostatic instrument is
More accurate
Loading effect is low
Fast response etc.
Creeping occurs because
Over compensation due to frictional forces
Over voltage across pressure coil
Why 2 holes are drilled oppositely in disc of energy meter
To eliminate the creeping
Energy meter is_____ type equipment
Integrating / recording
Inductance is measured by which bridge
Maxwell’s, Anderson, Hay’s, Owen’s bridge
Which type of motor is used in refrigerator?
Capacitor Start and run Single phase induction motor
Corona’s advantage
To increases the virtual diameter of conductor
To protect the conductor from Switching over voltages
Reflection coefficient of current in open ended line is
-1
Reflection coefficient of voltage in open ended line is
1
Reflection coefficient of current in short circuit line is
1
Reflection coefficient of voltage in short circuit line is
-1
Calculation of making current when MVA & KV was given.
Making current=2.5*breaking current
Breaking current=MVA/KV
he o/p voltage e1 & e2 of 2 full-bridge inverters added using o/p transformer. In order to eliminate 5th harmonic from o/p voltage, the phase angle between e1&e2 will be-
36◦
A single phase fully controlled line commutated ac-dc converter operates as an inverter when-
α > 90◦
Why rotor of SCIM is skewed?
To eliminate the slot harmonics in the rotor
Magnetostriction is occurs in
AC circuits’ only
Interlopes are connected for?
To eliminate the Armature reaction
Identify type by pu value Xd”=0.3, Xd’=0.3, X0=0.6?
Transmission line
What to do for converting sine wave to triangular wave?
Integrating
Wave shape of armature mmf?
Triangular wave
Emf in a conductor is directly proportional to?
E α ΦZNP
What’s the order of Jacobin matrix for 20 no. of bus bar?
=2n-2
N=no of buses
=38
How many watt meters required to measure 3phase 4 wire system?
3
Friday, November 13, 2009
Junior Engineer (CPWD) Examination
Junior Engineer (CPWD) Examination
SCHEME OF EXAMINATION :
The examination will be conducted in two parts :
A. Written Test (500 marks)
B. Interview (100 marks)
Written Test: It will consist of two papers:-
Paper Subject No. Of Questions Marks
I a) General Awareness 25 50
b) General Engineering 75 150
(Civil & Structural)
OR
General Engineering
(Electrical & Mechanical) 75 150
Total 100 200
II General Engineering(Civil & Structural) 300
OR
General Engineering(Electrical & Mechanical) 300
Note I: Paper I will be Objective type multiple choice.
Note II: Paper II will be of conventional type.
Note III: Paper I and II will be bi-lingual (i.e. in Hindi and English). Candidates will have option to answer Paper II either in Hindi or in English language.
Note IV: Paper II will be evaluated in respect of only those candidates who qualify in Paper I at the minimum standard which may be decided by the Commission at its discretion.
Note V: Only those candidates who attain minimum qualifying standard in Part-I of the
Examination, as may be fixed by the Commission in their discretion, will be eligible to be called for Personality Test/Interview.
B. Part II: Personality Test (Interview): 100 marks
The interview/personality test is structured in such a manner that the candidates’ interest, knowledge, various traits, aptitude, suitability etc. are probed among other things, through academic qualifications, experience, extra-curricular activities, general awareness/knowledge, depth of knowledge of the subjects studied (10+2 onwards), communicative skill and over-all personality etc.
Candidates called for interview/personality test, have the option to converse either in Hindi or English language during the interview process.
Syllabus:
The standard of the questions in Engineering subjects will be approximately on the level of Diploma in Engineering (Civil/ Electrical/ Mechanical) from a recognized Institute, Board or University and recognized by All India Board of Technical Education. All the questions will be set in SI units.
1. General Awareness:
Questions will be aimed at testing the candidate’s general awareness of the environment around him and its application to society. Questions will also be designed to test knowledge of current events and of such matters of everyday observations and experience in their scientific aspect as may be expected of any educated person. The test will also include questions relating to India and its neighboring countries especially pertaining to Sport, History, Culture, Geography, Economic Scene, General Polity, Indian Constitution and Scientific Research, etc. These questions will be such that they do not require a special study of any discipline.
2. General Engineering (Civil and Structural)
Civil Engineering:
Building Materials: Physical and Chemical properties, classification, standard tests, uses and manufacture/quarrying of materials e.g. building stones, silicate based materials, cement (Portland), Asbestos products, Timber and Wood based Products, laminates, bituminous materials, paints, varnishes.
Surveying: Principles of surveying, working of properties, compass and bearing, plane table surveying, theodolite traverse, adjustment of theodolite, levelling and contouring, curvature, refraction, permanent adjustment of dumpy level, methods of contouring and uses of a control map, tachometric survey.
Soil Mechanics: Origin of soil phase diagram, definitions of void ratio, porosity, degree of saturation, water content, specific gravity of soil grains and unit weights, grain size distribution curves for different solid and their uses. Atterjerg’s limits, ISI soil classification, plasticity chart, coefficient of permeability, effective stress, consolidation of soils.
Calculation of shear strength of soils, direct shear test, vane shear test, triaxial test, soil compaction, Lab compaction, Lab compaction test, moisture content and bearing capacity of soils, plate load test, standard penetration test.
Hydraulics: Fluid properties, hydrostatics, measurements of flow, Bernoulli’s theorem and its application, flow through pipes, flow in open channels, weirs, flumes, spillways, pumps and turbines.
Environmental Engineering: Quality of water, source of water supply, purification of water, distribution of water, need of sanitation, sewerage system, circular sewers, oval sewer, sewer appurtenances, surface water drainage, sewage treatments.
Structural Engineering : Theory of structures: Elasticity constants, type of beams, determinate and indeterminate, bending moment and shear force diagrams of simply supported, cantilever and over hanging beams. Moment of area and moment of inertia for rect. & circular section, bending moment and shear stress for tee, channel and compound sections, chimneys, dams and retaining walls, eccentric loads, slope deflection of simply supported and cantilever beams, critical load and columns, torsion of circular section.
Concrete Technology : Properties, Advantages and uses of concrete, cement aggregates quality, water cement ratio, workability, mix design, storage, batching, mixing, placement, compaction, finishing and curing of concrete, quality control of concrete, hot weather and cold weather concreting, repair and maintenance of concrete structure.
RCC Design:
RCC beams: flexural strength, shear strength, bond strength, design of single reinforced beans, lintels, cantilever beams, double reinforced beams, one way slabs, two way slabs, isolated footings, reinforced brick work. T-beams, columns, staircases, retaining walls, water tanks (RCC design questions may be based on both Limit State method and Working Stress method).
Steel Design: Steel design and construction of steel columns, beams, roof trusses, plate girders.
3. General Engineering (Electrical and Mechanical)
* Electrical Engineering
Basic Electrical Engg.: Elect. Measurements, Concepts of current, voltage, resistance, power and energy, their units, Ohm’s law.
Circuit Law: Kirchooff’s law, solution of simple network problems, Network theorems and their applications, Electro-magnetism, concept of flux, e m f, reluctance, magnetic circuits.
Electro-magnetic induction, self and mutual inductance.
A.C. fundamentals, instantaneous, peak, R.M.S. and average values of alternating waves, Equation of sinusoidal wave form, simple series and parallel AC. circuits consisting of R.L. and C, Resonance.
Measurement and measuring instruments, Moving coil and moving iron ammeters and voltmeters, Extension of range, Wattmeters, Multimeters, megger, Basic Electronics.
Electrical machines: Basic principles ofD.C. motors, generators, their characteristics, Speed control and starting of D.C. motors, losses and efficiency of D.C. machines. 1-Phase and 3-phase Transformers: Principles of operation, equivalent circuit, voltage regulation, O.C. and S.C. tests, efficiency, auto transformers.
Synchronous machines, generation of 3-phase e m f, armature reaction, Voltage regulation, parallel operation of two alternators, synchronizing, starting and applications of synchronous motors.
3-Phase Induction motor, rotating magnetic field, principle of operation, equivalent circuit, torque-speed characteristics, starting and speed control of 3-phase induction motors, Fractional KW motors, 1-phase induction motors, A.C. series motor, reluctance motor.
General, Transmission and Distribution: Different types of power stations, Load factor, diversity factor, demand factor, simple problems thereon, cost of generation, inter- connection of power stations.
Power factor improvement, various types of tariffs, types of faults, short circuit current for symmetrical faults.
Switchgears- rating of circuit breakers: Principles of a extinction by oil and air, H.R.C. fuses, Protection, earth leakage, over current, Buchhotgz relay, Merz- Prince system of protection of generators & transformers, protection of feeders and bus bars.
Lightning arresters, Various transmission and distribution systems, Comparison of conductor materials, efficiency for different systems.
Utilization of Electrical Energy, Illumination, electric heating, Electric welding, electroplating, electric drives and motors.
* Mechanical Engineering
Flow of Fluids: Laminar & turbulent flow, equation of continuity, Bernoulli’s theorem, measurement of discharge, flow through pipes, friction losses, Forces of jet impinging on vanes, blades, work done and efficiency, classification of turbines & pumps.
Thermal Engineering:
Laws of thermodynamics, change in entropy in various processes; uses of steam, Properties of steam table & charts; Construction & Working of Cochran, Lancashire locomotive & Babcock & Wilcox boilers, working of steam turbine, Otto & Diesel Cycles, working of IC engines, Carburetion, Solex Carburettor. Diesel fuel, pump & injector: Cooling & lubrication.
Production Engineering: Foundry- Different casting processes, concept of Patterns; types of mould making, purring defect in castings, causes & remedies, Welding-classification and types of welding, Testing and defects in welds. Lathes- working of lathe, various tools, operation on lathes, types of lathes. Drilling operations performed on drilling machines. Description, principles of working and various operations on machine tools, milling machine, shaper, grinder, boring and slotting machines.
Strength of Materials: Stresses in composite bars, relation between elastic constants, Resilience under different types of loads, SF and BM diagrams; stresses in beams-combined direct and bending stresses, Struts and columns – Euler’s and Rankin’s theories, Torsion of circular shafts.
Theory of Machines: Simple Machines – Four bar chain, Slider crank chain, double slider crank chain, Flywheel – Turning moment diagrams. Fluctuation of energy, Friction-in collar and pivots, plate clutch, conical clutch, journal bearing. Transmission of power through flat and V-belts, Gears, profile of gears, Governors- Watt and Hartnell governors.
SCHEME OF EXAMINATION :
The examination will be conducted in two parts :
A. Written Test (500 marks)
B. Interview (100 marks)
Written Test: It will consist of two papers:-
Paper Subject No. Of Questions Marks
I a) General Awareness 25 50
b) General Engineering 75 150
(Civil & Structural)
OR
General Engineering
(Electrical & Mechanical) 75 150
Total 100 200
II General Engineering(Civil & Structural) 300
OR
General Engineering(Electrical & Mechanical) 300
Note I: Paper I will be Objective type multiple choice.
Note II: Paper II will be of conventional type.
Note III: Paper I and II will be bi-lingual (i.e. in Hindi and English). Candidates will have option to answer Paper II either in Hindi or in English language.
Note IV: Paper II will be evaluated in respect of only those candidates who qualify in Paper I at the minimum standard which may be decided by the Commission at its discretion.
Note V: Only those candidates who attain minimum qualifying standard in Part-I of the
Examination, as may be fixed by the Commission in their discretion, will be eligible to be called for Personality Test/Interview.
B. Part II: Personality Test (Interview): 100 marks
The interview/personality test is structured in such a manner that the candidates’ interest, knowledge, various traits, aptitude, suitability etc. are probed among other things, through academic qualifications, experience, extra-curricular activities, general awareness/knowledge, depth of knowledge of the subjects studied (10+2 onwards), communicative skill and over-all personality etc.
Candidates called for interview/personality test, have the option to converse either in Hindi or English language during the interview process.
Syllabus:
The standard of the questions in Engineering subjects will be approximately on the level of Diploma in Engineering (Civil/ Electrical/ Mechanical) from a recognized Institute, Board or University and recognized by All India Board of Technical Education. All the questions will be set in SI units.
1. General Awareness:
Questions will be aimed at testing the candidate’s general awareness of the environment around him and its application to society. Questions will also be designed to test knowledge of current events and of such matters of everyday observations and experience in their scientific aspect as may be expected of any educated person. The test will also include questions relating to India and its neighboring countries especially pertaining to Sport, History, Culture, Geography, Economic Scene, General Polity, Indian Constitution and Scientific Research, etc. These questions will be such that they do not require a special study of any discipline.
2. General Engineering (Civil and Structural)
Civil Engineering:
Building Materials: Physical and Chemical properties, classification, standard tests, uses and manufacture/quarrying of materials e.g. building stones, silicate based materials, cement (Portland), Asbestos products, Timber and Wood based Products, laminates, bituminous materials, paints, varnishes.
Surveying: Principles of surveying, working of properties, compass and bearing, plane table surveying, theodolite traverse, adjustment of theodolite, levelling and contouring, curvature, refraction, permanent adjustment of dumpy level, methods of contouring and uses of a control map, tachometric survey.
Soil Mechanics: Origin of soil phase diagram, definitions of void ratio, porosity, degree of saturation, water content, specific gravity of soil grains and unit weights, grain size distribution curves for different solid and their uses. Atterjerg’s limits, ISI soil classification, plasticity chart, coefficient of permeability, effective stress, consolidation of soils.
Calculation of shear strength of soils, direct shear test, vane shear test, triaxial test, soil compaction, Lab compaction, Lab compaction test, moisture content and bearing capacity of soils, plate load test, standard penetration test.
Hydraulics: Fluid properties, hydrostatics, measurements of flow, Bernoulli’s theorem and its application, flow through pipes, flow in open channels, weirs, flumes, spillways, pumps and turbines.
Environmental Engineering: Quality of water, source of water supply, purification of water, distribution of water, need of sanitation, sewerage system, circular sewers, oval sewer, sewer appurtenances, surface water drainage, sewage treatments.
Structural Engineering : Theory of structures: Elasticity constants, type of beams, determinate and indeterminate, bending moment and shear force diagrams of simply supported, cantilever and over hanging beams. Moment of area and moment of inertia for rect. & circular section, bending moment and shear stress for tee, channel and compound sections, chimneys, dams and retaining walls, eccentric loads, slope deflection of simply supported and cantilever beams, critical load and columns, torsion of circular section.
Concrete Technology : Properties, Advantages and uses of concrete, cement aggregates quality, water cement ratio, workability, mix design, storage, batching, mixing, placement, compaction, finishing and curing of concrete, quality control of concrete, hot weather and cold weather concreting, repair and maintenance of concrete structure.
RCC Design:
RCC beams: flexural strength, shear strength, bond strength, design of single reinforced beans, lintels, cantilever beams, double reinforced beams, one way slabs, two way slabs, isolated footings, reinforced brick work. T-beams, columns, staircases, retaining walls, water tanks (RCC design questions may be based on both Limit State method and Working Stress method).
Steel Design: Steel design and construction of steel columns, beams, roof trusses, plate girders.
3. General Engineering (Electrical and Mechanical)
* Electrical Engineering
Basic Electrical Engg.: Elect. Measurements, Concepts of current, voltage, resistance, power and energy, their units, Ohm’s law.
Circuit Law: Kirchooff’s law, solution of simple network problems, Network theorems and their applications, Electro-magnetism, concept of flux, e m f, reluctance, magnetic circuits.
Electro-magnetic induction, self and mutual inductance.
A.C. fundamentals, instantaneous, peak, R.M.S. and average values of alternating waves, Equation of sinusoidal wave form, simple series and parallel AC. circuits consisting of R.L. and C, Resonance.
Measurement and measuring instruments, Moving coil and moving iron ammeters and voltmeters, Extension of range, Wattmeters, Multimeters, megger, Basic Electronics.
Electrical machines: Basic principles ofD.C. motors, generators, their characteristics, Speed control and starting of D.C. motors, losses and efficiency of D.C. machines. 1-Phase and 3-phase Transformers: Principles of operation, equivalent circuit, voltage regulation, O.C. and S.C. tests, efficiency, auto transformers.
Synchronous machines, generation of 3-phase e m f, armature reaction, Voltage regulation, parallel operation of two alternators, synchronizing, starting and applications of synchronous motors.
3-Phase Induction motor, rotating magnetic field, principle of operation, equivalent circuit, torque-speed characteristics, starting and speed control of 3-phase induction motors, Fractional KW motors, 1-phase induction motors, A.C. series motor, reluctance motor.
General, Transmission and Distribution: Different types of power stations, Load factor, diversity factor, demand factor, simple problems thereon, cost of generation, inter- connection of power stations.
Power factor improvement, various types of tariffs, types of faults, short circuit current for symmetrical faults.
Switchgears- rating of circuit breakers: Principles of a extinction by oil and air, H.R.C. fuses, Protection, earth leakage, over current, Buchhotgz relay, Merz- Prince system of protection of generators & transformers, protection of feeders and bus bars.
Lightning arresters, Various transmission and distribution systems, Comparison of conductor materials, efficiency for different systems.
Utilization of Electrical Energy, Illumination, electric heating, Electric welding, electroplating, electric drives and motors.
* Mechanical Engineering
Flow of Fluids: Laminar & turbulent flow, equation of continuity, Bernoulli’s theorem, measurement of discharge, flow through pipes, friction losses, Forces of jet impinging on vanes, blades, work done and efficiency, classification of turbines & pumps.
Thermal Engineering:
Laws of thermodynamics, change in entropy in various processes; uses of steam, Properties of steam table & charts; Construction & Working of Cochran, Lancashire locomotive & Babcock & Wilcox boilers, working of steam turbine, Otto & Diesel Cycles, working of IC engines, Carburetion, Solex Carburettor. Diesel fuel, pump & injector: Cooling & lubrication.
Production Engineering: Foundry- Different casting processes, concept of Patterns; types of mould making, purring defect in castings, causes & remedies, Welding-classification and types of welding, Testing and defects in welds. Lathes- working of lathe, various tools, operation on lathes, types of lathes. Drilling operations performed on drilling machines. Description, principles of working and various operations on machine tools, milling machine, shaper, grinder, boring and slotting machines.
Strength of Materials: Stresses in composite bars, relation between elastic constants, Resilience under different types of loads, SF and BM diagrams; stresses in beams-combined direct and bending stresses, Struts and columns – Euler’s and Rankin’s theories, Torsion of circular shafts.
Theory of Machines: Simple Machines – Four bar chain, Slider crank chain, double slider crank chain, Flywheel – Turning moment diagrams. Fluctuation of energy, Friction-in collar and pivots, plate clutch, conical clutch, journal bearing. Transmission of power through flat and V-belts, Gears, profile of gears, Governors- Watt and Hartnell governors.
Thursday, November 12, 2009
SCHEME AND SYLLABUS FOR RECRUITMENT TO THE POST OF ASST. ELECTRICAL INSPECTORS IN CHIEF ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR TO GOVT. SERVICE
SCHEME AND SYLLABUS FOR RECRUITMENT TO THE POST OF ASST. ELECTRICAL
INSPECTORS IN CHIEF ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR TO GOVT. SERVICE
SCHEME
Degree Standard:
Part-A: Written (Objective type) Examination
Paper-1 General Studies
& Mental ability
150 Marks 150 Questions 150 Minutes
Paper-2 Subject (Electrical
Engineering)
300 Marks 150 Questions 150 Minutes
Part-B: Oral Test (Interview)
50 Marks
SYLLABUS
PAPER-1 GENERAL STUDIES & MENTAL ABILITY
1. General Science – Contemporary developments in Science and Technology and their
implications including matters of every day observation and experience, as may be expected of
a well-educated person who has not made a special study of any scientific discipline.
2. Current events of national and international importance.
3. History of India – emphasis will be on broad general understanding of the subject in its social,
economic, cultural and political aspects with a focus on AP Indian National Movement.
4. World Geography and Geography of India with a focus on AP.
5. Indian polity and Economy – including the country’s political system- rural development –
Planning and economic reforms in India.
6. Mental ability – reasoning and inferences
PAPER-2 (CONCERNED SUBJECT) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
I. ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS:
Basic electrical laws, Analysis of DC networks, transient response of RLC networks excited by
impulse, step, ramp and sinusoidal excitations. Transform methods, transfer functions, poles and zeros steady state AC networks, frequency domain analysis, resonance, coupled circuits, two port networks, three phase networks, power in a.c. networks, power measurement in 3-phase networks.
II. E.M. THEORY:
Electro static and electro magnetic fields, vector methods, Fields in dielectric, conducting and
magnetic materials, Laplace and Poisson’s equation. Time varying fields, Maxwell’s equation,
Poynting Theory, properties of transmission lines.
III. ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTS:
Electrical standards, Error analysis, Measurement of current, voltage, power, energy, power
factor, resistance, inductance capacitance frequency and loss angle. Indicating instruments, extension of range of instruments, DC and AC bridges. Electronic measuring instruments. Electronic multimeter, CRO, frequency counter, digital voltmeter, transducers, Thermocouples, Thermistor, LVDT, strain gauges, Piezo electric crystal, Measurement of non-electrical quantities like, pressure, velocity, temperature, flow rate, displacement acceleration and strain.
IV. CONTROL SYSTEMS
Open and closed loop control systems, Mathematical modelling, block diagram, signal flow
graphs, time response and frequency response of linerar systems, error constants and series
Rootlocus technique, Bodeplot, polar plot, M-circles, N-circles, Nichol’s charts, stability, Routh Hurwitz criteria. Nyquist stability criteria, compensators, design in frequency domain. Control system components. Servo motors, synchros, tacho generator, error detector. State variable approach, modelling, state transition matrix, transfer function, response.
V. ELECTRONICS:
Solid state devices and circuits. Small and large signal-amplifiers with and without feedback at
audio and radio frequency, multistage amplifiers. Operational amplifiers and applications. Integrated circuits oscillators, RC, LC and crystal oscillators wave form generators, multi-vibrators – Digital circuits, Logic gates, Boolean algebra combinational and sequential circuits. A to D and D to A converters Micro processors (8085) instruction set, memories, interfacing programmable peripheral devices – Number system flow charts – expressions and statements in C – language – simple programs for engineering application.
VI. D.C. ELECTRICAL MACHINES:
Fundamentals of electro mechanical energy conversion, constructional features of D.C.
Machines, emf equation types and characteristics of generators application, Torque in DC motor, types of DC motors, applications. Testing of D.C. motors, efficiency, and starting and speed control.
VII. TRANSFORMERS:
Construction – Principle of operation of 1-phase transformers – Vector diagram on No Load
and – Load – Parallel operation – Regulation – efficiency – Equivalent circuit 3 phase transformer connections – Scott connection.
VIII. INDUCTION MOTORS:
Production of rotating magnetic field, production of torque types of motors equivalent circuits,
Circle diagram, torque slip characteristics, starting and maximum torque, speed control, principle of single phase induction motors, Applications.
IX. SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES:
Generation of emf in 3 phase AC Generator, Armature reaction, regulation by Synchronous
inpedance and Ampere turn methods, parallel operation, transient and sub-transiat reactances, theory of salient pole machines.
Synchronous Motor: Torque production, performance characteristics, methods of starting, V-
Curves, synchronous condenser.
Special Machines: Stepper motor, Methods of operation, Amplidyne and metadyne-
applications.
X. ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION:
General layout – Types of power stations, economics of different types, base load and peak
load stations, load factor and its effects, pumped storage schemes.
XI. POWER TRANSMISSION:
Calculation of line parameters, concepts of short, medium and long transmission lines, ABCD
parameters, insulators, Corona, P.U. quantities, fault calculations, symmetrical components load flow analysis using Gauss Seidal, New-ton Raphson, methods, economic operation, stability, steady state and transient stability, equal area criterion, ALFC and AVR control for real time operation of interconnected systems.
XII. POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION:
Principles of arc quenching, circuit breaker classification, Recovery and restriking voltages,
relaying principles over current, directional over current relays-generator and transformer protection using differential relays-line protection using distance relays Surgeo phenomena in transmission lines – Travelling wave theory, protection against surges.
XIII. UTILISATION:
Industrial Drives – Motors for various drives – Braking methods – Speed control of motors –
Economics of rail traction – Mechanics of train movement – Estimation of power and energy
requirements – Illumination – Laws Factory lighting – Street lighting – Induction and dielectric heating.
INSPECTORS IN CHIEF ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR TO GOVT. SERVICE
SCHEME
Degree Standard:
Part-A: Written (Objective type) Examination
Paper-1 General Studies
& Mental ability
150 Marks 150 Questions 150 Minutes
Paper-2 Subject (Electrical
Engineering)
300 Marks 150 Questions 150 Minutes
Part-B: Oral Test (Interview)
50 Marks
SYLLABUS
PAPER-1 GENERAL STUDIES & MENTAL ABILITY
1. General Science – Contemporary developments in Science and Technology and their
implications including matters of every day observation and experience, as may be expected of
a well-educated person who has not made a special study of any scientific discipline.
2. Current events of national and international importance.
3. History of India – emphasis will be on broad general understanding of the subject in its social,
economic, cultural and political aspects with a focus on AP Indian National Movement.
4. World Geography and Geography of India with a focus on AP.
5. Indian polity and Economy – including the country’s political system- rural development –
Planning and economic reforms in India.
6. Mental ability – reasoning and inferences
PAPER-2 (CONCERNED SUBJECT) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
I. ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS:
Basic electrical laws, Analysis of DC networks, transient response of RLC networks excited by
impulse, step, ramp and sinusoidal excitations. Transform methods, transfer functions, poles and zeros steady state AC networks, frequency domain analysis, resonance, coupled circuits, two port networks, three phase networks, power in a.c. networks, power measurement in 3-phase networks.
II. E.M. THEORY:
Electro static and electro magnetic fields, vector methods, Fields in dielectric, conducting and
magnetic materials, Laplace and Poisson’s equation. Time varying fields, Maxwell’s equation,
Poynting Theory, properties of transmission lines.
III. ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTS:
Electrical standards, Error analysis, Measurement of current, voltage, power, energy, power
factor, resistance, inductance capacitance frequency and loss angle. Indicating instruments, extension of range of instruments, DC and AC bridges. Electronic measuring instruments. Electronic multimeter, CRO, frequency counter, digital voltmeter, transducers, Thermocouples, Thermistor, LVDT, strain gauges, Piezo electric crystal, Measurement of non-electrical quantities like, pressure, velocity, temperature, flow rate, displacement acceleration and strain.
IV. CONTROL SYSTEMS
Open and closed loop control systems, Mathematical modelling, block diagram, signal flow
graphs, time response and frequency response of linerar systems, error constants and series
Rootlocus technique, Bodeplot, polar plot, M-circles, N-circles, Nichol’s charts, stability, Routh Hurwitz criteria. Nyquist stability criteria, compensators, design in frequency domain. Control system components. Servo motors, synchros, tacho generator, error detector. State variable approach, modelling, state transition matrix, transfer function, response.
V. ELECTRONICS:
Solid state devices and circuits. Small and large signal-amplifiers with and without feedback at
audio and radio frequency, multistage amplifiers. Operational amplifiers and applications. Integrated circuits oscillators, RC, LC and crystal oscillators wave form generators, multi-vibrators – Digital circuits, Logic gates, Boolean algebra combinational and sequential circuits. A to D and D to A converters Micro processors (8085) instruction set, memories, interfacing programmable peripheral devices – Number system flow charts – expressions and statements in C – language – simple programs for engineering application.
VI. D.C. ELECTRICAL MACHINES:
Fundamentals of electro mechanical energy conversion, constructional features of D.C.
Machines, emf equation types and characteristics of generators application, Torque in DC motor, types of DC motors, applications. Testing of D.C. motors, efficiency, and starting and speed control.
VII. TRANSFORMERS:
Construction – Principle of operation of 1-phase transformers – Vector diagram on No Load
and – Load – Parallel operation – Regulation – efficiency – Equivalent circuit 3 phase transformer connections – Scott connection.
VIII. INDUCTION MOTORS:
Production of rotating magnetic field, production of torque types of motors equivalent circuits,
Circle diagram, torque slip characteristics, starting and maximum torque, speed control, principle of single phase induction motors, Applications.
IX. SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES:
Generation of emf in 3 phase AC Generator, Armature reaction, regulation by Synchronous
inpedance and Ampere turn methods, parallel operation, transient and sub-transiat reactances, theory of salient pole machines.
Synchronous Motor: Torque production, performance characteristics, methods of starting, V-
Curves, synchronous condenser.
Special Machines: Stepper motor, Methods of operation, Amplidyne and metadyne-
applications.
X. ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION:
General layout – Types of power stations, economics of different types, base load and peak
load stations, load factor and its effects, pumped storage schemes.
XI. POWER TRANSMISSION:
Calculation of line parameters, concepts of short, medium and long transmission lines, ABCD
parameters, insulators, Corona, P.U. quantities, fault calculations, symmetrical components load flow analysis using Gauss Seidal, New-ton Raphson, methods, economic operation, stability, steady state and transient stability, equal area criterion, ALFC and AVR control for real time operation of interconnected systems.
XII. POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION:
Principles of arc quenching, circuit breaker classification, Recovery and restriking voltages,
relaying principles over current, directional over current relays-generator and transformer protection using differential relays-line protection using distance relays Surgeo phenomena in transmission lines – Travelling wave theory, protection against surges.
XIII. UTILISATION:
Industrial Drives – Motors for various drives – Braking methods – Speed control of motors –
Economics of rail traction – Mechanics of train movement – Estimation of power and energy
requirements – Illumination – Laws Factory lighting – Street lighting – Induction and dielectric heating.
SCHEME AND SYLLABUS FOR THE POST OF LECTURERS IN GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNICS (ENGINEERING) IN A.P. TECHNICAL EDUCATION SERVICE
SCHEME AND SYLLABUS FOR THE POST OF LECTURERS IN GOVERNMENT
POLYTECHNICS (ENGINEERING) IN A.P. TECHNICAL EDUCATION SERVICE
Post Code Nos. 15 to 17
PART-A: Written (Objective Type) Examination:
Paper-1 General Studies 150 Marks. 150 Qns. 150 Minutes
Paper-2 Concerned Subject 300 Marks. 150 Qns. 150 Minutes
PART-B: ORAL TEST (Interview) 50 Marks
N.B: 1. The paper in concerned subject for Engineering streams is of Engineering Bachelor’s degree
standard.
2. The Question papers will be in English only.
SYLLABUS
GENERAL STUDIES
01. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY:
a) General Science and Technology.
b) Role and impact of science and Technology on India’s development.
(Questions will cover general appreciation and understanding of matters of everyday observation and
experience as may be expected of a well-educated person who has not made a special study of science and
technology disciplines).
02. INDIAN HISTORY AND CULTURE:
a) Modern Indian History from 19th century to the present.
b) Nationalist Movement and Constitutional development.
c) Indian Culture and Heritage including architecture, Fine Arts, Dance Forms, Music, Paintings, Folk
Arts and performing arts.
d) History of Andhradesa Society, Culture, Geography and Economic Development.
03. INDIAN POLITY:
General and broad understanding of the structural (institutions) and functional (processes) aspects of Indian
Political System.
04. IDNIAN ECONOMY AND GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA:
a) Structure of National Economy.
b) Economic Development (including planning) since independence.
c) Economic Reforms.
d) Physical, Economic and Social Geography of India.
05. CURRENT EVENTS:
Current Events of Regional, National and International importance.
06. General Mental Ability (reasoning and analytical abilities)
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
01. ELECTRIC CIRCUITS, FIELDS & MEASUREMENTS:
Network elements – Ohm’s law and Kirchoff’s laws – formation of mesh and nodal equations – topological
description of networks – response of R, L and C elements to arbitrary excitations – Laplace transform
method of analysing networks.
Network theorems – superposition, Thevenin’s Norton’s theorems – Maximum power transfer thereciprocity
theorem – applications – two port parameters – Z, Y, ABCD, H para meters – their relationships.
A.C. Circuits – single phase circuits – J-notation – calculations – resonance – Polyphase – circuits –
measurements of polyphase power.
Electromagnetic theory – general relations in static fields – potential gradient and field intensity – flux density
– Gauss’s law – Poisson and Laplace equations – relations in electromagnetic fields – ampere’s law – flux
and flux density – divergence and curl – vector magnetic potential.
Electrical measurements – Types of measuring instruments – Principles of operation – extension of ranges –
instrument transformers.
02. CONTROL SYSTEMS, COMPUTATION AND ELECTRONICS
Control systems – Types of servo mechanisms – equations and models of linear systems – block diagrams
– time response of second order systems – stability criteria – root locus technique – frequency response –
Nyquist criterion – Bode plots.
Elements of computation: Digital systems – flow charts and algorithms – FORTRAN – types of statements –
logical expressions – Assignment statements – program structure – Scientific and Engineering applications.
Electronics: Solid-state devices and circuits – small signal amplifier design – feedback amplifiers –
Oscillators – FETS – Thyristors.
03. ELECTRICAL MACHINES:
Principles of Electromechanical Energy Conversion: Basic ideas of production of torque – concepts of
generation of voltages – formulae for voltage and torque production.
Three phase induction motors: The revolving field theory – Principles of operation of induction motor –
torque equation – Computation of performance – torque speed characteristics – motor starters –
conventional and thyristor controllers for speed control of induction motors.
Single phase motors: Revolving field theory – types of single-phase motors – equivalent circuits – speed
control – applications.
Synchronous machines: Generation of 3-phase voltages – types of synchronous machines – equivalent
circuit – experimental determination of reactances – voltage regulation and efficiency – parallel operation –
transient and subtransient reactances – synchronous motors – theory of operation - -phase of diagram –
equivalent circuit – performance and power factor control – applications.
Special machines: Two phase servomotors – stepper motors – methods of operation – metadyne and
amplidyne – operating characteristics and applications.
D.C. Machines and Transformers.
04. POWER SYSTEMS:
Generation: Methods of power generation – steam, hydro, nuclear, diesel – selection of site for each –
general layout of each type – function of each component – economics of different types – base and peak
load stations – pumped stations – simple calculations in hydro station design.
Transmission: A.C. Vs. D.C. transmission – criteria for selection of voltages – transmission line parameters –
G.M.D. and G.M.R – concepts for short, medium and long lines – line calculations – A.B.C and D constance
– load flow analysis – surge impedance loading.
Corona and insulators: production of corona – disruptive and visual corona – corona loss – methods to avoid
corona – types of insulators – string efficiency.
Fault analysis: Per unit representation: fault analysis – Symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults – application
of symmetrical components – reactors.
Protection: Switch gear – methods of arc extinction – classification of circuit breakers – definitions –
calculations in switch gear – testing of circuit breakers – Relaying principles – primary and back up relaying
– definitions – operation of different types of relays – applications to line, transformer and generator
protection – protection of lines and equipment against voltage surges – travelling wave theory.
Utilisation: Industrial drives – motors for various applications – braking – methods of heating and welding –
welding transformer – Economics and other aspects of track electrification.
ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
01. Network analysis, Topology, Tree Tieset out set, first and Second order Circuits.
Steady State and Transient response, Sinusoidal steady State Analysis.
Series and parallel Resonance, Network Theorems, Laplace Transforms, Fourier series, Fourier Transforms
– Applications, Two port.
Network Parameters, Interconnection of two ports, Image Impedance, Image Parameters.
Filters – constant K and M derived sections. Electronics Devices – Diodes, Transistors, FET biasing, and
characteristics, Frequency, Response, Amplifier circuits.
Electro Magnetic Theory – Maxell’s Equations. Coulomb’s law, Amper’s law , Faraday’s law, Poynting
Energy Theorem, Stoke’s theorem, uniform plane waves.
Transmission Line Theory – Standing waves & Travelling waves, Reflection, VSWR.
02. Feedback Amplifiers and oscillator Circuits Wave Shaping circuits, Logic Gates, Boolean Theorems,
Adders & Subtractors. Antennas & Propagation – Radiation Principle, Antenna parameters.
Definitions.
Directional Antennas, Linear Antenna Arrays, Broadside & End fire Arrays, Gain, Directivity, Radiation
pattern.
Ground Wave, Sky Wave, Ionosphere Propagation, Guided Waves, Rectangular Wave-Guide Analysis,
Microwave Circuits and Components.
Microwave Tubes, Klystron, Magnetron, and TWT.
Modulation Techniques – AM, FM, PM. Channel capacity, Noise, AM, FM, Transmitters, Radio Receivers.
TV and Satellite Communication – Principles Radar Equation and Applications of Radar Computer
Programming, FORTRAN, BASIC, PASCAL, Are Programming languages.
POLYTECHNICS (ENGINEERING) IN A.P. TECHNICAL EDUCATION SERVICE
Post Code Nos. 15 to 17
PART-A: Written (Objective Type) Examination:
Paper-1 General Studies 150 Marks. 150 Qns. 150 Minutes
Paper-2 Concerned Subject 300 Marks. 150 Qns. 150 Minutes
PART-B: ORAL TEST (Interview) 50 Marks
N.B: 1. The paper in concerned subject for Engineering streams is of Engineering Bachelor’s degree
standard.
2. The Question papers will be in English only.
SYLLABUS
GENERAL STUDIES
01. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY:
a) General Science and Technology.
b) Role and impact of science and Technology on India’s development.
(Questions will cover general appreciation and understanding of matters of everyday observation and
experience as may be expected of a well-educated person who has not made a special study of science and
technology disciplines).
02. INDIAN HISTORY AND CULTURE:
a) Modern Indian History from 19th century to the present.
b) Nationalist Movement and Constitutional development.
c) Indian Culture and Heritage including architecture, Fine Arts, Dance Forms, Music, Paintings, Folk
Arts and performing arts.
d) History of Andhradesa Society, Culture, Geography and Economic Development.
03. INDIAN POLITY:
General and broad understanding of the structural (institutions) and functional (processes) aspects of Indian
Political System.
04. IDNIAN ECONOMY AND GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA:
a) Structure of National Economy.
b) Economic Development (including planning) since independence.
c) Economic Reforms.
d) Physical, Economic and Social Geography of India.
05. CURRENT EVENTS:
Current Events of Regional, National and International importance.
06. General Mental Ability (reasoning and analytical abilities)
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
01. ELECTRIC CIRCUITS, FIELDS & MEASUREMENTS:
Network elements – Ohm’s law and Kirchoff’s laws – formation of mesh and nodal equations – topological
description of networks – response of R, L and C elements to arbitrary excitations – Laplace transform
method of analysing networks.
Network theorems – superposition, Thevenin’s Norton’s theorems – Maximum power transfer thereciprocity
theorem – applications – two port parameters – Z, Y, ABCD, H para meters – their relationships.
A.C. Circuits – single phase circuits – J-notation – calculations – resonance – Polyphase – circuits –
measurements of polyphase power.
Electromagnetic theory – general relations in static fields – potential gradient and field intensity – flux density
– Gauss’s law – Poisson and Laplace equations – relations in electromagnetic fields – ampere’s law – flux
and flux density – divergence and curl – vector magnetic potential.
Electrical measurements – Types of measuring instruments – Principles of operation – extension of ranges –
instrument transformers.
02. CONTROL SYSTEMS, COMPUTATION AND ELECTRONICS
Control systems – Types of servo mechanisms – equations and models of linear systems – block diagrams
– time response of second order systems – stability criteria – root locus technique – frequency response –
Nyquist criterion – Bode plots.
Elements of computation: Digital systems – flow charts and algorithms – FORTRAN – types of statements –
logical expressions – Assignment statements – program structure – Scientific and Engineering applications.
Electronics: Solid-state devices and circuits – small signal amplifier design – feedback amplifiers –
Oscillators – FETS – Thyristors.
03. ELECTRICAL MACHINES:
Principles of Electromechanical Energy Conversion: Basic ideas of production of torque – concepts of
generation of voltages – formulae for voltage and torque production.
Three phase induction motors: The revolving field theory – Principles of operation of induction motor –
torque equation – Computation of performance – torque speed characteristics – motor starters –
conventional and thyristor controllers for speed control of induction motors.
Single phase motors: Revolving field theory – types of single-phase motors – equivalent circuits – speed
control – applications.
Synchronous machines: Generation of 3-phase voltages – types of synchronous machines – equivalent
circuit – experimental determination of reactances – voltage regulation and efficiency – parallel operation –
transient and subtransient reactances – synchronous motors – theory of operation - -phase of diagram –
equivalent circuit – performance and power factor control – applications.
Special machines: Two phase servomotors – stepper motors – methods of operation – metadyne and
amplidyne – operating characteristics and applications.
D.C. Machines and Transformers.
04. POWER SYSTEMS:
Generation: Methods of power generation – steam, hydro, nuclear, diesel – selection of site for each –
general layout of each type – function of each component – economics of different types – base and peak
load stations – pumped stations – simple calculations in hydro station design.
Transmission: A.C. Vs. D.C. transmission – criteria for selection of voltages – transmission line parameters –
G.M.D. and G.M.R – concepts for short, medium and long lines – line calculations – A.B.C and D constance
– load flow analysis – surge impedance loading.
Corona and insulators: production of corona – disruptive and visual corona – corona loss – methods to avoid
corona – types of insulators – string efficiency.
Fault analysis: Per unit representation: fault analysis – Symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults – application
of symmetrical components – reactors.
Protection: Switch gear – methods of arc extinction – classification of circuit breakers – definitions –
calculations in switch gear – testing of circuit breakers – Relaying principles – primary and back up relaying
– definitions – operation of different types of relays – applications to line, transformer and generator
protection – protection of lines and equipment against voltage surges – travelling wave theory.
Utilisation: Industrial drives – motors for various applications – braking – methods of heating and welding –
welding transformer – Economics and other aspects of track electrification.
ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
01. Network analysis, Topology, Tree Tieset out set, first and Second order Circuits.
Steady State and Transient response, Sinusoidal steady State Analysis.
Series and parallel Resonance, Network Theorems, Laplace Transforms, Fourier series, Fourier Transforms
– Applications, Two port.
Network Parameters, Interconnection of two ports, Image Impedance, Image Parameters.
Filters – constant K and M derived sections. Electronics Devices – Diodes, Transistors, FET biasing, and
characteristics, Frequency, Response, Amplifier circuits.
Electro Magnetic Theory – Maxell’s Equations. Coulomb’s law, Amper’s law , Faraday’s law, Poynting
Energy Theorem, Stoke’s theorem, uniform plane waves.
Transmission Line Theory – Standing waves & Travelling waves, Reflection, VSWR.
02. Feedback Amplifiers and oscillator Circuits Wave Shaping circuits, Logic Gates, Boolean Theorems,
Adders & Subtractors. Antennas & Propagation – Radiation Principle, Antenna parameters.
Definitions.
Directional Antennas, Linear Antenna Arrays, Broadside & End fire Arrays, Gain, Directivity, Radiation
pattern.
Ground Wave, Sky Wave, Ionosphere Propagation, Guided Waves, Rectangular Wave-Guide Analysis,
Microwave Circuits and Components.
Microwave Tubes, Klystron, Magnetron, and TWT.
Modulation Techniques – AM, FM, PM. Channel capacity, Noise, AM, FM, Transmitters, Radio Receivers.
TV and Satellite Communication – Principles Radar Equation and Applications of Radar Computer
Programming, FORTRAN, BASIC, PASCAL, Are Programming languages.
SCHEME AND SYLLABUS FOR THE POST OF ASSISTANT EXECUTIVE ENGINEERS IN ROADS & BUILDINGS SERVICE
SCHEME AND SYLLABUS FOR THE POST OF ASSISTANT EXECUTIVE ENGINEERS IN
ROADS & BUILDINGS SERVICE
SCHEME
PART-A WRITTEN (OBJECTIVE TYPE) EXAMINATION
PAPER-1 General Studies & Mental Ability 150 Marks 150 Qns 150 Minutes
PAPER-2 Concerned Subject:Electrical Engineering
300 Marks 150 Qns 150 Minutes
PART-B: INTERVIEW 50 Marks
SYLLABUS
GENERAL STUDIES & MENTAL ABILITY
1. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY:
a) General Science and Technology
b) Role and impact of science and Technology on India’s development.
(Questions will cover general appreciation and understanding of matters of everyday
observation and experience as may be expected of a well-educated person who has not
made a special study of science and technology disciplines).
2. INDIAN HISTORY AND CULTURE:
a) Modern Indian History from 19th century to the present
b) Nationalist Movement and Constitutional development
c) Indian culture and Heritage including architecture, Fine Arts, dance forms,
music, paintings, Folk arts and performing arts.
d) History of Andhradesa Society, Culture, Geography and Economic development.
3. INDIAN POLITY:
General and broad understanding of the structural (institutions) and functional (processes)
aspects of Indian Political system.
4. INDIAN ECONOMY AND GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA:
(a) Structure of National economy
(b) Economic development (including planning) since independence
(c) Economic Reforms
(d) Physical, economic and social Geography of India.
5. CURRENT EVENTS:
Current Events of Regional, National and International importance.
6. GENERAL MENTAL ABILITY: (Reasoning and analytical abilities)
CONCERNED SUBJECT (ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING)
ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS:
Basic electrical laws, Analysis of DC networks, transient response of RLC networks excited
by impulse, step, ramp and sinusoidal excitations. Transform methods, transfer functions, poles and zeros steady state AC networks, frequency domain analysis, resonance, coupled circuits, two port networks, three phase networks, power in a.c. networks, power measurement in 3-phase networks.
E.M. THEORY:
Electro static and electro magnetic fields, vector methods, Fields in dielectric, conducting and
magnetic materials, Laplace and Poisson’s equation. Time varying fields, Maxwell’s equation,
Poynting Theory, properties of transmission lines.
ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTS:
Electrical standards, Error analysis, Measurement of current, voltage, power, energy, power
factor, resistance, inductance capacitance frequency and loss angle. Indicating instruments,
extension of range of instruments, DC and AC bridges. Electronic measuring instruments. Electronic multimeter, CRO, frequency counter, digital voltmeter, transducers, Thermocouples, Thermistor, LVDT, strain gauges, Piezo electric crystal, Measurement of non-electrical quantities like, pressure, velocity, temperature, flow rate, displacement acceleration and strain.
CONTROL SYSTEMS
Open and closed loop control systems, Mathematical modeling, block diagram, signal flow
graphs, time response and frequency response of linerar systems, error constants and series
Rootlocus technique, Bodeplot, polar plot, M-circles, N-circles, Nichol’s charts, stability, Routh
Hurwitz criteria. Nyquist stability criteria, compensators, design in frequency domain. Control system components. Servo motors, synchros, tacho generator, error detector. State variable approach, modeling, state transition matrix, transfer function, response.
ELECTRONICS:
Solid state devices and circuits. Small and large signal-amplifiers with and without feedback
at audio and radio frequency, multistage amplifiers. Operational amplifiers and applications.
Integrated circuits oscillators, RC, LC and crystal oscillators wave form generators, multi-vibrators – Digital circuits, Logic gates, Boolean algebra combinational and sequential circuits. A to D and D to A converters Micro processors (8085) instruction set, memories, interfacing programmable peripheral devices – Number system flow charts – expressions and statements in C – language – simple programs for engineering application.
D.C. ELECTRICAL MACHINES:
Fundamentals of electro mechanical energy conversion, constructional features of D.C.
Machines, emf equation types and characteristics of generators application, Torque in DC motor,
types of DC motors, applications. Testing of D.C. motors, efficiency, and starting and speed control.
TRANSFORMERS:
Construction – Principle of operation of 1-phase transformers – Vector diagram on No Load
and – Load – Parallel operation – Regulation – efficiency – Equivalent circuit 3 phase transformer connections – Scott connection.
INDUCTION MOTORS:
Production of rotating magnetic field, production of torque types of motors equivalent circuits,
Circle diagram, torque slip characteristics, starting and maximum torque, speed control, principle of single phase induction motors, Applications.
SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES:
Generation of emf in 3 phase AC Generator, Armature reaction, regulation by Synchronous
inpedance and Ampere turn methods, parallel operation, transient and sub-transiat reactances,
theory of salient pole machines.
Synchronous Motor: Torque production, performance characteristics, methods of starting, V-
Curves, synchronous condenser.
Special Machines: Stepper motor, Methods of operation, Amplidyne and metadyne-
applications. 5
ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION:
General layout – Types of power stations, economics of different types, base load and peak
load stations, load factor and its effects, pumped storage schemes.
POWER TRANSMISSION:
Calculation of line parameters, concepts of short, medium and long transmission lines, ABCD
parameters, insulators, Corona, P.U. quantities, fault calculations, symmetrical components load flow analysis using Gauss Seidal, New-ton Raphson, methods, economic operation, stability, steady state and transient stability, equal area criterion, ALFC and AVR control for real time operation of interconnected systems.
POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION:
Principles of arc quenching, circuit breaker classification, Recovery and restriking voltages,
relaying principles over current, directional over current relays-generator and transformer protection using differential relays-line protection using distance relays Surgeo phenomena in transmission lines – Travelling wave theory, protection against surges.
UTILISATION :
Industrial Drives – Motors for various drives – Braking methods – Speed control of motors –
Economics of rail traction – Mechanics of train movement – Estimation of power and energy
requirements – Illumination – Laws Factory lighting – Street lighting – Induction and dielectric
heating.
ROADS & BUILDINGS SERVICE
SCHEME
PART-A WRITTEN (OBJECTIVE TYPE) EXAMINATION
PAPER-1 General Studies & Mental Ability 150 Marks 150 Qns 150 Minutes
PAPER-2 Concerned Subject:Electrical Engineering
300 Marks 150 Qns 150 Minutes
PART-B: INTERVIEW 50 Marks
SYLLABUS
GENERAL STUDIES & MENTAL ABILITY
1. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY:
a) General Science and Technology
b) Role and impact of science and Technology on India’s development.
(Questions will cover general appreciation and understanding of matters of everyday
observation and experience as may be expected of a well-educated person who has not
made a special study of science and technology disciplines).
2. INDIAN HISTORY AND CULTURE:
a) Modern Indian History from 19th century to the present
b) Nationalist Movement and Constitutional development
c) Indian culture and Heritage including architecture, Fine Arts, dance forms,
music, paintings, Folk arts and performing arts.
d) History of Andhradesa Society, Culture, Geography and Economic development.
3. INDIAN POLITY:
General and broad understanding of the structural (institutions) and functional (processes)
aspects of Indian Political system.
4. INDIAN ECONOMY AND GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA:
(a) Structure of National economy
(b) Economic development (including planning) since independence
(c) Economic Reforms
(d) Physical, economic and social Geography of India.
5. CURRENT EVENTS:
Current Events of Regional, National and International importance.
6. GENERAL MENTAL ABILITY: (Reasoning and analytical abilities)
CONCERNED SUBJECT (ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING)
ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS:
Basic electrical laws, Analysis of DC networks, transient response of RLC networks excited
by impulse, step, ramp and sinusoidal excitations. Transform methods, transfer functions, poles and zeros steady state AC networks, frequency domain analysis, resonance, coupled circuits, two port networks, three phase networks, power in a.c. networks, power measurement in 3-phase networks.
E.M. THEORY:
Electro static and electro magnetic fields, vector methods, Fields in dielectric, conducting and
magnetic materials, Laplace and Poisson’s equation. Time varying fields, Maxwell’s equation,
Poynting Theory, properties of transmission lines.
ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTS:
Electrical standards, Error analysis, Measurement of current, voltage, power, energy, power
factor, resistance, inductance capacitance frequency and loss angle. Indicating instruments,
extension of range of instruments, DC and AC bridges. Electronic measuring instruments. Electronic multimeter, CRO, frequency counter, digital voltmeter, transducers, Thermocouples, Thermistor, LVDT, strain gauges, Piezo electric crystal, Measurement of non-electrical quantities like, pressure, velocity, temperature, flow rate, displacement acceleration and strain.
CONTROL SYSTEMS
Open and closed loop control systems, Mathematical modeling, block diagram, signal flow
graphs, time response and frequency response of linerar systems, error constants and series
Rootlocus technique, Bodeplot, polar plot, M-circles, N-circles, Nichol’s charts, stability, Routh
Hurwitz criteria. Nyquist stability criteria, compensators, design in frequency domain. Control system components. Servo motors, synchros, tacho generator, error detector. State variable approach, modeling, state transition matrix, transfer function, response.
ELECTRONICS:
Solid state devices and circuits. Small and large signal-amplifiers with and without feedback
at audio and radio frequency, multistage amplifiers. Operational amplifiers and applications.
Integrated circuits oscillators, RC, LC and crystal oscillators wave form generators, multi-vibrators – Digital circuits, Logic gates, Boolean algebra combinational and sequential circuits. A to D and D to A converters Micro processors (8085) instruction set, memories, interfacing programmable peripheral devices – Number system flow charts – expressions and statements in C – language – simple programs for engineering application.
D.C. ELECTRICAL MACHINES:
Fundamentals of electro mechanical energy conversion, constructional features of D.C.
Machines, emf equation types and characteristics of generators application, Torque in DC motor,
types of DC motors, applications. Testing of D.C. motors, efficiency, and starting and speed control.
TRANSFORMERS:
Construction – Principle of operation of 1-phase transformers – Vector diagram on No Load
and – Load – Parallel operation – Regulation – efficiency – Equivalent circuit 3 phase transformer connections – Scott connection.
INDUCTION MOTORS:
Production of rotating magnetic field, production of torque types of motors equivalent circuits,
Circle diagram, torque slip characteristics, starting and maximum torque, speed control, principle of single phase induction motors, Applications.
SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES:
Generation of emf in 3 phase AC Generator, Armature reaction, regulation by Synchronous
inpedance and Ampere turn methods, parallel operation, transient and sub-transiat reactances,
theory of salient pole machines.
Synchronous Motor: Torque production, performance characteristics, methods of starting, V-
Curves, synchronous condenser.
Special Machines: Stepper motor, Methods of operation, Amplidyne and metadyne-
applications. 5
ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION:
General layout – Types of power stations, economics of different types, base load and peak
load stations, load factor and its effects, pumped storage schemes.
POWER TRANSMISSION:
Calculation of line parameters, concepts of short, medium and long transmission lines, ABCD
parameters, insulators, Corona, P.U. quantities, fault calculations, symmetrical components load flow analysis using Gauss Seidal, New-ton Raphson, methods, economic operation, stability, steady state and transient stability, equal area criterion, ALFC and AVR control for real time operation of interconnected systems.
POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION:
Principles of arc quenching, circuit breaker classification, Recovery and restriking voltages,
relaying principles over current, directional over current relays-generator and transformer protection using differential relays-line protection using distance relays Surgeo phenomena in transmission lines – Travelling wave theory, protection against surges.
UTILISATION :
Industrial Drives – Motors for various drives – Braking methods – Speed control of motors –
Economics of rail traction – Mechanics of train movement – Estimation of power and energy
requirements – Illumination – Laws Factory lighting – Street lighting – Induction and dielectric
heating.
Tuesday, November 3, 2009
Junior Telecom Officers(Electrical)
Scheme and Syllabus for the Recruitment of Junior Telecom Officers(Electrical)
Examination - 2008
Examination - 2008
SCHEME
For direct recruitment of JTOs(Electrical), an objective type examination of one paper
of three hours duration consisting of following sections will be conducted :-
Section-I : Electrical Engineering : 50 questions
Section-II : Electrical Engineering : 50 questions
Section-III : General Awareness : 20 questions
The questions will be so designed as to assess the ability of the candidates to apply their
technical knowledge to the solution of the problems.
The syllabus for JTOs(Electrical) Paper will as given below.
SYLLABUS
SECTION-I - ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
1. EM Theory
Electric and magnetic fields. Gauss's Law and Amperes Law. Fields in dielectrics,
conductors and magnetic materials. Maxwell's equations. Time varying fields. Plane-
Wave propagating in dielectric and conducting media. Transmission lines.
2. Electrical Materials
Band Theory, Conductors, Semi-conductors. and Insulators. Superconductivity.
Insulators for electrical and electronic applications. Magnetic materials. Ferro and ferri
magnetism. Ceramics, Properties and applications. Hall effect alJd its applications.
Special semi conductors.
Page 25 of 283. Electrical Circuits
Circuits elements. Kirchoff's Laws. Mesh and nodal analysis. Network Theorems and
applications. Natural response and forced response. Transient response and steady
state response for arbitrary inputs. Properties of networks in terms of poles and zeros.
Transfer function. Resonant circuits. Three phase circuits. Two-port networks.
Elements of two-element network synthesis.
4. Measurements and Instrumentation
Units and Standards. Error analysis, measurement of current, Voltage, power, Power-
factor and energy. Indicating instruments. Measurement of resistance, inductance,
Capacitance and frequency. Bridge measurements. Electronic measuring instruments.
Digital Voltmeter and frequency counter. Transducers and their applications to the
measurement of non-electrical quantities like temperature, pressure, flow-rate
displacement, acceleration, noise level etc. Data acquisition systems. AID and D/A
converters.
5. Control System
Mathematical modelling of physical systems. Block diagrams and signal flow graphs
and their reduction. Time domain and frequency domain analysis of linear dynamical
system. Errors for different type of inputs and stability criteria for feedback systems.
Stability analysis using Routh-Hurwitz array, Nyquist plot and Bode plot. Root locus
and Nicols chart and the estimation of gain and phase margin. Basic concepts of
compensator design. State variable matrix and its use in system modelling and
design. Sampled data system and performance of such a system with the samples in
the error channel. Stability of sampled data system. Elements of non-linear control
analysis. Control system components, electromechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic
components.
SECTION-II - ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
1. Electrical Machines and Power Transformers
Magnetic Circuits - Analysis and Design of Power transformers. Construction and
testing. Equivalent circuits. Losses and efficiency. Regulation. Auto-transformer, 3-
phase transformer. Parallel operation.
Basic concepts in rotating machines. EMF, torque, basic machine types. Construction
and operation, leakage losses and efficiency.
Page 26 of 28D.C. Machines. Construction, Excitation methods. Circuit models. Armature reaction
and commutation. Characteristics and performance analysis. Generators and motors.
Starting and speed control. Testing, Losses and efficiency.
Synchronous Machines. Construction. Circuit model. Operating characteristics and
performance analysis. Synchronous reactance. Efficiency. Voltage regulation. Salient-
pole machine, Parallel operation. . tiunting. Short circuit transients.
Induction Machines. Construction. Principle of operation. Rotating fields.
Characteristics and performance analysis. Determination of circuit model. Circle
diagram. Starting and speed control.
Fractional KW motors. Single-phase synchronous and induction motors.
2. Power systems
Types of Power Stations, Hydro, Thermal and Nuclear Stations. Pumped storage
plants. Economics and operating factors.
Power transmission lines. Modeling and performance characteristics. Voltage control.
Load flow studies. Optimal power system operation. Load frequency control.
Symmetrical short circuit analysis. ZBus formulation. Symmetrical Components. Per
Unit representation. Fault analysis. Transient and steady-state stability of power
systems. Equal area criterion.
Power system Transients. Power system Protection Circuit breakers. Relays. HVDC
transmission.
3. Analog and Digital Electronics and Circuits
Semiconductor device physics, PN junctions and transistors, circuit models and
parameters, FET, Zener, tunnel, Schottky, photo diodes and their applications,
rectifier circuits, voltage regulators and multipliers, switching behavior of diodes and
transistors.
Small signal amplifiers, biasing circuits, frequency response and improvement,
multistage amplifiers and feed-back amplifiers, D.C.
amplifiers, Oscillators. Large signal amplifiers, coupling methods, push pull amplifiers,
operational amplifiers, wave shaping circuits. Multivibrators and flip-flops and their
applications. Digital logic gate families, universal gates-combination circuits for
arithmetic and logic operational, sequential logic circuits. Counters, registers, RAM
and ROMs.
Page 27 of 28Page 28 of 28
4. Microprocessor
Microprocessor architecture-Instruction set and simple assembly language
programming. Interfacing for memory and I/O. Applications of Micro-processors in
power system.
5. Communication Systems
Types of modulation; AM, FM and PM. Demodulators. Noise and bandwidth
considerations. Digital communication systems. Pulse code modulation and
demodulation. Elements of sound and vision broadcasting. Carrier communication.
Frequency division and time division multiplexing, Telemetry system in power
engineering.
6. Power Electronics
Power Semiconductor devices. Thyristor. Power transistor, GTOs and
MOSFETS. Characteristics and operation. AC to DC Converters; 1phase and 3-phase
DC to DC Converters; AC regulators. Thyristor controlled reactors; switched capacitor
networks.
Inverters; single-phase and 3-phase. Pulse width modulation. Sinusoidal modulation
with uniform sampling. Switched mode power supplies.
SECTION-III - GENERAL ABILITY TEST
The candidate’s comprehension and understanding of general English shall be tested
through simple exercises. Questions on knowledge of current events and of such
matter of everyday observation and experience in their scientific aspects as may be
expected of an educated person. Questions will also be included on events and
developments in Tele Communications, History of India and Geography. These will be
of a nature, which can be answered without special study by an educated person.
A P P S C – A E E
PAPER – 1
GENERAL STUDIES
(COMMON FOR ALL CANDIDATES)
1. Science and Technology:
(A) General Science and Technology
(B) Role and impact of Science and Technology on India is development. (Questions will cover general appreciation and understanding of matters of everyday observation and experience as may be expected of a well – educated person who has not made a special study of science and technology disciplines)
2. INDIAN HISTORY AND CULTURE:
(A) Modern Indian history from 19th century to the present
(B) Nationalist Movement and Constitutional development
(C) Indian culture and Heritage including architecture, fine arts, dance forms music, paintings, folk arts and performing arts:
(D) History of andhradesa Society, Culture, Geography and Economic development
3. INDIAN POLITY:
General and broad understanding of the structural (institutions) and functional (processes) aspects of Indian political system
4. INDIAN ECONOMY AND GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA:
a) Structure of national economy
b) Economic development (including planning) since independence
c) Economic reforms
d) Physical economic and social geography of India.
5. CURRENT EVENTS:
Current events of regional, national and international importance
6. GENERAL MENTAL ABILITY:
(Reasoning and analytical abilities)
PAPER – 2
OPTIONAL ONLY FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SUBJECT
1. ELECTRIC CIRCUITS : active and passive network elements – dependent and independent sources response of passive elements to arbitrary excitations energy stored in inductance and capacitance kirchoffis loss – formations of mesh and nodel intergo differential equations – their solutions by classical and Laplace transformation methods -Transient and steady state response of RL,RC elements to impulse, step, ramp and sinusoidal inputs -single phase AC circuits methods of solutions poly phase circuits - analysis of balanced and unbalanced circuits – measurements of three phase power.
2. Electrical measurements and instruments: absolute and secondary instrument types – principle of operations of different type of instrument extension of instrument ranges – measurement of voltage, current, power and energy – localization of cable faults - Murray loop and varley loop tests – cathodes ray oscilloscope
3. Illumination: solid angle, luminous flux, luminous intensity -illumination and candle power- laws of illumination- flood lighting, street lighting – electric lamps.
4. DC generators and motors: types of DC generators - EMF equation constructional details - characteristics of shunt, series and compound generators – Armature reaction -types of DC motors – Torque developed in a DC motor - speed controls of DC motors and starters.
5. Transformers: constructional details - principle of operation - vector diagrams on no load and load – regulation and efficiency - equivalent circuits and tests for the determination of parameters of equivalent circuits - types of three phase transforms and their application Scott connection of transformers
6. 3 – Phase induction motors:
Principle of operation – cage and slip ring motors torque slip characteristics methods of speed control
7. 3- phase alternators: principle of operation and constructional details - types of alternators - synchronous impedance - voltage regulation short circuit ratio and its importance phase diagrams of round rotor and salient pole machines - synchronization behavior of an alternator connected to infinite bus - effect of varying excitation current and mechanical torque - power angle curves - control of active and relative powers
8. 3 – phase synchronous motors: principle of operation - torque developed and methods of staring - V and inverted V curves - effects of variations of excitation - synchronous condensers.
9. Single phase induction motors: type of single phase motors - types of single phase induction motors - characteristics and methods of string - shaded pole induction motor
PAPER – 3 :
OPTIONAL ONLY FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
1. Transmission & Distribution: Line constants – Inductance and Capacitance calculations Representation of over head lines – Short Medium and Long lines - ABCD constants Mechanical Design – Seg, Tension Calculations, Tuned Power Lines.
2. Over Head Line Insulators: Types of Insulators - Potential distributions over a string of suspension insulators - string efficiency - Methods of improving string efficiency.
3. Underground Cables: Insulation of cables - Grading of cables - Capacitance Measurement in cables - Testing of Cables - Power frequency withstand test.
4. Fault Calculations: Balanced Fault calculations on systems - Symmetrical components- Types of faults - Analysis of unbalanced faults
5. Generating Stations: Location and types, types of hydroelectric power stations, layout of a hydro power plant, types of turbines used - Pumped storage installations - Layout of thermal electric power stations, types of turbines used condensers, cooling towers, boiler feed pump; energy flow diagram of steam power plant. Nuclear power generation; nuclear fission types of nuclear power reactors – Principle of a fast breeder reactor
6. Protection: Characteristic of Relays – Over current, directional and distance protection of lines. Protection of Alternators against stator faults, rotor faults, loss of excitation, unbalanced loading, overloading, failure of prime – mover. Over speeding and over voltage. Protection of transformers against winding faults, overloads and external short circuits.
7. Circuit Breakers: Air – blast, oil, minimum oil, vacuum - sulphur hexafluoride and d.c. circuit breakers relative merits and demerits.
8. Economic Aspects: Generation costs and their classification, load curve, load utilization and plant capacity factors. Load sharing between base load and peak – load stations. Load forecasting. Economical distribution of load between unit within a plant and between plants. Modeling of fuel costs for thermal generation. Optimal operation of an all thermal generating system and of a hydro – thermal system. Consideration of transmission losses.
9. Utilization of Electrical Energy: Industrial drives – Motors for various drivers – Estimating and Rating – Testing of D. C. and A. C motors – Neutral Earthing
Monday, November 2, 2009
APGenco Assistant Engineer(Electrical) exam syllabus
ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS AND NETWORKS:
Kirchhoff’s laws, mesh and node analysis, network theorems, sinusoidal steady state analysis of single phase and three phase circuits, resonance, transient response of RL, RC, RLC circuits for different inputs, two-port networks, Two element network synthesis.
CONTROL SYSTEMS:
Modelling of physical systems, Block diagrams and signal flow graphs, Time and frequency domain analysis, Steady state errors, Routh’s criterion, Nyquist and Bode plots, compensation, root loci, elementary ideas of state variable analysis, control system components .
MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION:
SI units, measurement of current, voltage, power, power-factor and energy, Measurement of resistance, inductance, capacitance and frequency-bridge methods, transducers and their applications to the measurement of non-electrical quantities like temperature, pressure, strain, displacement etc., cathode ray oscilloscope.
AND DIGITAL ELECTRONICS:
Characteristics of diodes, BJT, FET, SCR, Amplifier biasing, equivalent circuits, frequency response, feedback amplifiers, power amplifiers, oscillators ,operational amplifiers and applications, wave shaping circuits, multivibrators, flip-flops, universal gates, combinational circuits, A/D and D/A converters .
ELECTRICAL MACHINES AND POWER ELECTRONIC DRIVES:
Single phase transformer; equivalent circuit, tests, regulation and efficiency, three phase transformer connections parallel operation, auto transformer, principle of energy conversion, windings of rotating machines, DC generators and motors, characteristics, starting and speed control, three phase induction motors performance characteristics, starting and speed control, single phase induction motors, synchronous generators, performance, regulation, parallel operation, synchronous motors, starting characteristics and applications, synchronous condensers, fractional horse power motors, permanent magnet and stepper motors, Characteristics of Power electronic devices, phase control, bridge converters, choppers and inverters, basic concepts of adjustable speed drives.
POWER SYSTEMS:
Electrical power generation thermal, hydro, nuclear: transmission line parameters; steady state performance of overhead transmission lines and cables, surge propagation, distribution systems, insulators, bundle conductors, corona, and radio interference effects; per-unit quantities: bus admittance and impedance matrices: load flow: voltage control and power factor correction; economic operation, symmetrical components, analysis of symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults; principles of over current, differential and distance protections, circuit breakers, concept of system stability, swing curves and equal area criterion.
Exam will be of 2 hours duration with 100 multiple choice questions. No negative marking.
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